Found 10497 publications. Showing page 213 of 420:
2003
2004
Fine-resolution spatio-temporal maps of near-surface urban air temperature (Ta) provide crucial data inputs for sustainable urban decision-making, personal heat exposure, and climate-relevant epidemiological studies. The recent availability of IoT weather station data allows for high-resolution urban Ta mapping using approaches such as interpolation techniques or machine learning (ML). This study is aimed at executing these approaches and traditional numerical modeling within a practical and operational framework and evaluate their practicality and efficiency in cases where data availability, computational constraints, or specialized expertise pose challenges. We employ Netatmo crowd-sourced weather station data and three geospatial mapping approaches: (1) Ordinary Kriging, (2) statistical ML model (using predictors primarily derived from Earth Observation Data), and (3) weather research and forecasting model (WRF) to predict/map daily Ta at nearly 1-km spatial resolution in Warsaw (Poland) for June–September and compare the predictions against observations from 5 meteorological reference stations. The results reveal that ML can serve as a viable alternative approach to traditional kriging and numerical simulation, characterized by reduced complexity and higher computational speeds within the domain of urban meteorological studies (overall RMSE = 1.06 °C and R2 = 0.94, compared to ground-based meteorological stations). The results have implications for identifying the urban regions vulnerable to overheating and evidence-based urban management in response to climate change. Due to the open-sourced nature of the applied predictors and input parsimony, the ML method can be easily replicated for other EU cities.
2023
2006
2006
Interpolation and assimilation methods for European scale air quality assessment and mapping. Part II: Development and testing new methodologies. Final draft. ETC/ACC Technical Paper, 2005/8
2005
Interpolation and assimilation methods for European scale air quality assessment and mapping. Part 1: Review and recommendations. Final draft. ETC/ACC Technical Paper, 2005/7
2005
2003
1999
2004
This report presents the ICP Materials database for the period October 2008-December 2009. It includes environmental data from the ICP Materials trend exposure programme for 2008 - 2009. The database consists of meteorological data, and pollution data as gasses and in precipitation. Also reported are HNO3 and amount and composition in particle deposition in soiling.
2011
2007
2003
This report presents the database for the second phase of the ECE ICP material programme. Besides presenting the available data for the three exposure years 1995/96, 1996/97 and 1997/98, the report presents the spread in the yearly mean values for the exposure sites. To show the reductions in the air pollutions observed during the ruling time of the project, scatterplots for SO2, NO2 and O3 for the two years 1987/88 and 1997/98 are presented. They show that the reduction for SO2 at the sites during the ten years period has been 75% in average, NO2 the reduction has been 25% and for O3 no detectable change has been observed.
2000
2001
2004
2008
2007
2000
In this study, we investigate the current accuracy of widely used microplastic (MP) detection methods through an interlaboratory comparison (ILC) involving ISO-approved techniques. The ILC was organized under the prestandardization platform of VAMAS (Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards) and gathered a large number (84) of analytical laboratories across the globe. The aim of this ILC was (i) to test and to compare two thermo-analytical and three spectroscopical methods with respect to their suitability to identify and quantify microplastics in a water-soluble matrix and (ii) to test the suitability of the microplastic test materials to be used in ILCs. Two reference materials (RMs), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) as powders with rough size ranges between 10 and 200 μm, were used to press tablets for the ILC. The following parameters had to be assessed: polymer identity, mass fraction, particle number concentration, and particle size distribution. The reproducibility, SR, in thermo-analytical experiments ranged from 62%–117% (for PE) and 45.9%–62% (for PET). In spectroscopical experiments, the SR varied between 121% and 129% (for PE) and 64% and 70% (for PET). Tablet dissolution turned out to be a very challenging step and should be optimized. Based on the knowledge gained, development of guidance for improved tablet filtration is in progress. Further, in this study, we discuss the main sources of uncertainties that need to be considered and minimized for preparation of standardized protocols for future measurements with higher accuracy.
2025
2013
2004