Found 9746 publications. Showing page 367 of 390:
2023
2023
2023
2023
2023
The 2021 East Asia sandstorm began from the Eastern Gobi desert steppe in Mongolia on March 14, and later spread to northern China and the Korean Peninsula. It was the biggest sandstorm to hit China in a decade, causing severe air pollution and a significant threat to human health. Capturing and predicting such extreme events is critical for society. The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART and the associated dust emission model FLEXDUST have been recently developed and applied to simulate global dust cycles. However, how well the model captures Asian dust storm events remains to be explored. In this study, we applied FLEXPART to simulate the recent 2021 East Asia sandstorm, and evaluated its performance comparing with observation and observation-constrained reanalysis datasets, such as the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) and CAMS global atmospheric composition forecasts (CAMS-F). We found that the default setting of FLEXDUST substantially underestimates the strength of dust emission and FLEXPART modelled dust concentration in this storm compared to that in MERRA-2 and CAMS-F. An improvement of the parametrization of bare soil fraction, topographical scaling, threshold friction velocity and vertical dust flux scheme based on Kok et al. (Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2014, 14, 13023–13041) in FLEXDUST can reproduce the strength and spatio-temporal pattern of the dust storm comparable to MERRA-2 and CAMS-F. However, it still underestimates the observed spike of dust concentration during the dust storm event over northern China, and requires further improvement in the future. The improved FLEXDUST and FLEXPART perform better than MERRA-2 and CAMS-F in capturing the observed particle size distribution of dust aerosols, highlighting the importance of using more dust size bins and size-dependent parameterization for dust emission, and dry and wet deposition schemes for modelling the Asian dust cycle and its climatic feedbacks.
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
Nivåer av tungmetaller og PCBer i elgkjøtt fra Sør-Varanger 2020
Under høstjakta på elg (Alces alces) i 2020 ble det tatt vevsprøver til analyser av tungmetaller og PCB. Tungmetallprøver ble tatt av 24 individer; 4 hunnkalver, 4 hannkalver, 3 hanner av åringer og 13 okser (voksne hanner). PCB analyser ble gjort av vevsprøver som ble tatt av 2 hunnkalver, 3 hannkalver, 2 hann-åringer og 9 okser (totalt 16 dyr). De felte dyrene har god geografisk spredning fra sør til nord og nord-øst i kommunen. Tungmetallene som ble analysert var krom (Cr), nikkel (Ni), kobber (Cu), sink (Zn), arsen (As), sølv (Ag), kadmium (Cd), tinn (Sn), bly (Pb) og kvikksølv (Hg). PCB ble analysert for 34 kongenere pluss sumPCB6 og sumPCB7. De fleste konsentrasjonene av tungmetallene var svært lave og flere var under deteksjonsgrensene. Ellers var det bare sporadiske lave forekomster av de 32 PCBene som ble funnet i noen av de undersøkte elgene. Det var bare heksaklorbensen som ble detektert i alle prøvene fra elgene).
NIBIO
2023
2023
Integrating Solar Energy and Nature-Based Solutions for Climate-Neutral Urban Environments
This study focuses on achieving climate neutrality in European cities by integrating solar energy technologies and nature-based solutions. Through an examination of current practices, emerging trends, and case examples, the study explores the benefits, challenges, and prospects associated with this integration in urban contexts. A pioneering approach is presented to assess the urban heat and climate change mitigation benefits of combining building-integrated photovoltaics and nature-based solutions within the European context. The results highlight the synergistic relationship between nature-based components and solar conversion technology, identifying effective combinations for different climatic zones. In Southern Europe, strategies such as rooftop photovoltaics on cool roofs, photovoltaic shadings, green walls, and urban trees have demonstrated effectiveness in warmer regions. Conversely, mid- and high-latitude European cities have seen positive impacts through the integration of rooftop photovoltaics and photovoltaic facades with green roofs and green spaces. As solar cell conversion efficiency improves, the environmental impact of photovoltaics is expected to decrease, facilitating their integration into urban environments. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating water bodies, cool pavements, spaces with high sky-view factors, and effective planning in urban design to maximize resilience benefits. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of prioritizing mitigation actions in low-income regions and engaging citizens in the development of social photovoltaics-positive energy houses, resilient neighbourhoods, and green spaces. By adopting these recommendations, European cities can create climate-neutral urban environments that prioritize clean energy, nature-based solutions, and the overall wellbeing of residents. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach combining technological innovation, urban planning strategies, and policy frameworks to effectively achieve climate neutrality.
2023
2023
2023
Etter flere år har forskerne fått svar på hvordan biologiske partikler påvirker skyene over Arktis
Norges forskningsråd
2023
2023
2023
Troll observing network – for useful new data about Antarctica
What do Antarctic petrels in Svarthamaren, soil structure movements at Troll research station and ocean chemistry in the Håkon VII Sea have in common? They will all be studied at the Troll observing network currently being established at Troll research station in Dronning Maud Land in Antarctica.
2023
2023