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Found 9883 publications. Showing page 393 of 396:

Publication  
Year  
Category

Forskeren som oppdaget sur nedbør: Trump kan gjøre det til et problem igjen

Aas, Wenche (interview subject); Borgan, Eldrid (journalist)

2025

Cross-Cutting Studies of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) in Arctic Wildlife and Humans

Abass, Khaled; Bonefeld-Jørgensen, Eva Cecilie; Bossi, Rossana; Dietz, Rune; Ferguson, Steve; Fernie, Kim J.; Grandjean, Philippe; Herzke, Dorte; Houde, Magali; Lemiere, Melanie; Letcher, Robert J; Muir, Derek C.G.; De Silva, Amila O.; Ostertag, Sonja; Rand, Amy A.; Søndergaard, Jens; Sonne, Christian; Sunderland, Elsie M.; Vorkamp, Katrin; Wilson, Simon; Weihe, Pal

2025

Stochastic and deterministic processes in Asymmetric Tsetlin Machine

Elmisadr, Negar; Belaid, Mohamed-Bachir; Yazidi, Anis

This paper introduces a new approach to enhance the decision-making capabilities of the Tsetlin Machine (TM) through the Stochastic Point Location (SPL) algorithm and the Asymmetric Steps technique. We incorporate stochasticity and asymmetry into the TM's process, along with a decaying normal distribution function that improves adaptability as it converges toward zero over time. We present two methods: the Asymmetric Probabilistic Tsetlin (APT) Machine, influenced by random events, and the Asymmetric Tsetlin (AT) Machine, which transitions from probabilistic to deterministic states. We evaluate these methods against traditional machine learning algorithms and classical Tsetlin (CT) machines across various benchmark datasets. Both AT and APT demonstrate competitive performance, with the AT model notably excelling, especially in complex datasets.

Frontiers Media S.A.

2025

Understanding the origins of urban particulate matter pollution based on high-density vehicle-based sensor monitoring and big data analysis

Liang, Yiheng; Wang, Xiaohua; Dong, Zhongzhen; Wang, Xinfeng; Wang, Shidong; Si, Shuchun; Wang, Jing; Liu, Hai Ying; Zhang, Qingzhu; Wang, Qiao

2025

Inverse modeling of 137Cs during Chernobyl 2020 wildfires without the first guess

Tichý, Ondřej; Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Selivanova, Anna; Šmídl, Václav

Elsevier

2025

Potential for reducing the health burden of air pollution from residential wood combustion in the Nordic countries

Geels, Camilla; Plejdrup, Marlene S.; Nielsen, Ole-Kenneth; Frohn, Lise Marie; Ye, Zhuyun; Andersen, Christopher; Christensen, Jesper H.; Brandt, Jørgen; Steen Solvang, Jensen; Grythe, Henrik; Lopez-Aparicio, Susana; Karvosenoja, Niko; Paunu, Ville-Veikko; Asker, Christian

This report examines the impact of air pollution from residential wood combustion on health in the Nordic countries.Residential wood combustion is a major contributor to premature deaths and health issues. The number of premature deaths is expected to decrease from 1,600 in 2019 to 1,200 by 2030, with health costs dropping from EUR 3.2 bn. to EUR 2.5 bn. This improvement is due to fewer and newer, less polluting appliances, and better energy efficiency in homes.

Two additional scenarios for 2030 reflecting national differences were evaluated.

Technology Scenario: Faster replacement of old appliances, reducing premature deaths by 190 and health costs by EUR 390 mil.

Zone-Based Scenario: Bans in densely populated areas, reducing premature deaths by 240 and health costs by EUR 510 mil.

Mitigation in densely populated areas offers greater health benefits than national-level efforts.

Nordic Council of Ministers

2025

Effects of the projected changes in land use and climate on soil vulnerability in Europe

Afshar, Mehdi H.; Hassani, Amirhossein; Borrelli, Pasquale; Panagos, Panos; Robinson, David A.; Or, Daniel; Shokri, Nima

2025

The CitySatAir Project: Monitoring Urban Air Pollution With Satellite Data

Mijling, Bas; Schneider, Philipp; Hamer, Paul David; Jimenez, Isadora; Moreno, Pau

2025

Nanoplast funnet i isbreer

Solbakken, Christine Forsetlund

Norges forskningsråd

2025

Ongoing NILU activities relevant for LSTM and CHIME

Schneider, Philipp; Stebel, Kerstin; Hassani, Amirhossein; Kylling, Arve

2025

Aviation and Climate

Muri, Helene Østlie

2025

GFAS4HTAP

Kaiser, Johannes; Huijnen, Vincent; Remy, Samuel; Ytre-Eide, Martin Album; de Jong, Marc C.; Zheng, Bo; Wiedinmyer, Christine

2025

Regulatory practices on the genotoxicity testing of nanomaterials and outlook for the future

Andreoli, Cristina; Dusinska, Maria; Bossa, Cecilia; Battistelli, Chiara Laura; João Silva, Maria; Louro, Henriqueta

Elsevier

2025

A pooled analysis of host factors that affect nucleotide excision repair in humans

Zheng, Congying; Shaposhnikov, Sergey; Collins, Andrew; Brunborg, Gunnar; Azqueta, Amaya; Langie, Sabine A.S.; Dusinska, Maria; Slyskova, Jana; Vodicka, Pavel; van Schooten, Frederik-Jan; Bonassi, Stefano ; Milic, Mirta; Orlow, Irene; Godschalk, Roger

Oxford University Press

2025

Ny forskning viser at duftvoks kan være helseskadelig

Håland, Alexander; Platt, Stephen Matthew (interview subjects); Johansen, Emil (journalist)

2025

Protokoll: Krav til konsekvensutredning ved planlegging av vindkraftprosjekter for å hindre forurensning av drikkevann

Alexander, Jan; Kvalem, Helen Engelstad; Mariussen, Espen; Schlabach, Martin; Steffensen, Inger-Lise Karin; Hannisdal, Rita; Ruus, Anders; Amlund, Heidi; Lisbeth, Dahl; Olsen, Ann-Karin Hardie; Samdal, Ingunn Anita; Knutsen, Helle Katrine

VKM skal lage oversikt over hvilke krav som bør stilles til konsekvensutredninger ved planlegging av nye vindkraftprosjekter. Det er laget en protokoll som beskriver hvordan VKM vil gå frem for å løse oppdraget.

Bakgrunn for oppdraget
Et vindkraftverk kan forurense omgivelsene både under etablering, drift og avvikling. Dersom området ligger innenfor et vanntilsigsområde for drikkevann, kan det utgjøre en forurensningsfare for drikkevannet.

Mattilsynet er høringsinstans når vindkraftverk skal etableres, og de ønsker en oversikt over hvilke krav som bør stilles til konsekvensutredningene.

Dette er en bestilling fra Mattilsynet, som fører tilsyn med drikkevann.

Om protokollen
VKM har utarbeidet en protokoll for hvordan vi skal løse oppdraget som går på å utarbeide krav til informasjon om, og risikovurdering av farene ved søknad om etablering av vindkraftverk. Protokollen favner bruk av kjemiske stoffer og annen aktuell forurensing som kan utgjøre en risiko for drikkevann gjennom hele vindkraftverkets livsløpssyklus (anlegg, drift, vedlikehold og avvikling)

2025

2025

Uptake of chemicals from tire wear particles into aquatic organisms - search for biomarkers of exposure in blue mussels

Foscari, Aurelio; Herzke, Dorte; Mowafi, Riham; Seiwert, Bettina; De Witte, Bavo; Delbare, Daan; Heras, Gustavo Blanco; Gago, Jesus; Reemtsma, Thorsten

Little is known about the exposure of aquatic biota to tire and road wear particles (TRWP) washed away from roads. Mussels were exposed for 7 days to model TRWP (m-TRWP), produced by milling tire tread particles with pure sand, and analyzed for 21 tire-related compounds by liquid chromatography-high resolution-mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Upon exposure to 0.5 g/L of m-TRWP, 15 compounds were determined from 944 μg/kg wet weight (diphenylguanidine, DPG) over 18 μg/kg for an oxidation product of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPDQ) to 0.6 μg/kg (4-hydroxydiphenyl amine). Transfer into mussels was highest for PTPD, DTPD and 6-PPDQ and orders of magnitude lower for 6-PPD. During 7 days depuration the concentration of all determined chemicals decreased to remaining concentrations between ~50 % (PTPD, DTPD) and 6 % (6-PPD). Suspect and non-target screening found 37 additional transformation products (TPs) of tire additives, many of which did not decrease in concentration during depuration, among them ten likely TPs of DPG, two of 6-PPD and PTPD and two of 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline. A wide variety of chemicals is taken up by mussels upon exposure to m-TRWP and a wide range of TPs is formed, enabling the differentiation of biomarkers of exposure to TRWP and biomarkers of exposure to tire-associated chemicals.

Elsevier

2025

Best Practice Protocol for the validation of Aerosol, Cloud, and Precipitation Profiles (ACPPV)

Vassilis, Amiridis; Marinou, Eleni; Hostetler, Chris; Koopman, Rob; Cecil, Daniel; Moisseev, Dmitri; Tackett, Jason; Gross, Silke; Baars, Holger; Redemann, Jens; Marenco, Franco; Baldini, Luca; Tanelli, Simone; Fielding, Mark; Janisková, Marta; Tanaka, Toshiyuki; O'Connor, Ewan; Fjæraa, Ann Mari; et al., .

Committee on Earth Observation Satellites - CEOS

2025

Temporal and cross-sectional associations of serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and lipids from 1986 to 2016 − The Tromsø study

Coelho, Ana Carolina; Charles, Dolley; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Cioni, Lara; Huber, Sandra; Herzke, Dorte; Rylander, Charlotta; Berg, Vivian; Sandanger, Torkjel M

Introduction
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to effects on human lipid profiles, with several epidemiological studies reporting associations between specific PFAS and blood lipid concentrations. However, these associations have been inconsistent, and most studies have focused on cross-sectional analyses with limited repeated measurements.

Objective
In this study, we investigated associations between serum PFAS concentrations and major blood lipid classes over a 30-year period (1986–2016) and up to five time points. Lipids analyzed included total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG).

Methods
This study included 145 participants from The Tromsø Study, Norway, who donated plasma samples three to five times over the study period. Linear mixed-effects (LME) models assessed longitudinal associations between PFAS and lipid classes, while multiple linear regression (MLR) models were used for cross-sectional associations.

Results
LME models demonstrated positive longitudinal associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA), and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) with TC. Additionally, PFOA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, and PFTrDA were associated with LDL-C, and PFUnDA and summed perfluorooctane sulfonate isomers (∑PFOS) with HDL-C. Cross-sectional analyses corroborated positive associations between the six PFAS compounds and TC at least three times, but the LDL-C and HDL-C associations were not confirmed. Summed perfluorooctane sulfonamide isomers (∑PFOSA) showed a negative association with LDL-C longitudinally, but this was not confirmed cross-sectionally. No associations were observed between PFAS and TG, longitudinally or cross-sectionally.

Conclusion
Concentrations of multiple PFAS were positively associated with blood lipids in longitudinal analyses, with the most consistent associations observed between six PFCA compounds and TC. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into these complex associations.

Elsevier

2025

Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Soil Salinization Across Europe

Zarif, Mohammad Aziz; Hassani, Amirhossein; Afshar, Mehdi H.; Panagos, Panos; Lebron, Inma; Robinson, David A.; Shokri, Nima

2025

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