Found 10000 publications. Showing page 154 of 400:
2024
Surveys in Norwegian schools showed that some students experienced health problems, such as headaches or concentration issues which have been linked to indoor environment quality (IEQ). This research investigates the relationship between measured IEQ and students’ perceived IEQ as user-feedback in one lower secondary school. This study explores the factors contributing to the connection with certain parameters such as carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and temperature levels with perceived IEQ. Despite achieving good IEQ levels according to standards, there is a notable discrepancy between measured IEQ and how students perceive the air quality. Two classrooms served by a demand-controlled ventilation system were monitored with IEQ measurement sensors and online questionnaires were given individually to students in each classroom. This enables to provide real-time students’ perception of indoor air and room temperature quality. Measurement results showed IEQ are of good quality, but students’ responses on perceived IEQ vary and showed over 25% are dissatisfied, indicating mixed feelings and dissatisfaction about perceived IEQ. Future research should focus on refining ventilation systems to bridge the gap between measured and perceived IEQ.
2025
Field measurements of indoor air in one Norwegian School
Surveys conducted in Norwegian schools showed students have experienced health problems, such as headaches or concentration issues which have been linked to indoor air quality (IAQ). Since no standard assessment method/protocol for IAQ exists, the assessment of IAQ by measurements will be influenced by type of monitoring device and its placement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the condition of indoor air parameter in school buildings. This work was conducted by investigating the influence of specification and placement of measurement devices of IAQ in a primary school building in Oslo City, as part of a broader investigation to identify potential measures to improve IAQ. Field measurements were done using both additional sensors, and existing sensors by the building energy management system. Different sensors were installed in classrooms in the school at slightly different locations. Measurement results of carbon dioxide and temperature were compared and evaluated in three different classrooms in the school. The result indicates that some classroom in the school may slightly not have a satisfactory IAQ. The comparison analysis suggests that room occupancy and sensor placement and specification influence the measurement results, and may thus negatively influence decisions made to ventilation system on the basis of the data from existing measurement. Further investigation is needed to understand the reliability of existing sensors to evaluate the IAQ of school buildings.
2023
2014
2020
Air pollution is one of the world’s leading environmental causes of death. The epidemiological relationship between outdoor air pollution and the onset of health diseases associated with death is now well established. Relevant toxicological proofs are now dissecting the molecular processes that cause inflammation, reactive species generation, and DNA damage. In addition, new data are pointing out the role of airborne particulates in the modulation of genes and microRNAs potentially involved in the onset of human diseases. In the present review we collect the relevant findings on airborne particulates of one of the biggest hot spots of air pollution in Europe (i.e., the Po Valley), in the largest urban area of this region, Milan. The different aerodynamic fractions are discussed separately with a specific focus on fine and ultrafine particles that are now the main focus of several studies. Results are compared with more recent international findings. Possible future perspectives of research are proposed to create a new discussion among scientists working on the toxicological effects of airborne particles.
2020
2025
2025
2001
Final report from NMR project 'Test of a filter pack combined with a PM10 inlet'. Project number 04FOX5. IVL Report B1686
2006
2007
As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone standard of Norway maintained by the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount-of-substance fraction range from 0 nmol/mol to 500 nmol/mol.
2020
The effect of selected amines on the corrosion of carbon steel and copper was investigated in the laboratory and in the field. The steel and copper samples were exposed to loads of the amines in the laboratory, representing possible 10 years maximum real exposure due to emission from a CO2 capturing plant, and to higher doses in the laboratory and in the field. No effect on the corrosion rate for steel was detected for the application of a possible 10 years real maximum dose of the amines in the laboratory as compared to blanks. Application of 700 times higher doses of amines in the laboratory was observed to give anodic protection, and thus reduced corrosion, of steel samples, but to dissolve the surface of a copper sample. The anodic protection was due to the formation of an amine surface film that protected the sample form oxidation. The dissolution of copper was probably due to formation of a copper-amine complex at high pH. A slight increase in corrosion was observed for samples that were exposed to the equivalent of possible 65 years maximum real exposure of amines in the field. This may be explained by freezing point depression and increased time of wetness of the sample surfaces due to accumulation of the amine solute on the sample surfaces in the season with frost.
2013
Final report. Support in development and implementation of air quality e-Reporting in West Balkan. NILU report
The Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), 4sfera Innova SLU (4sfera) and EKONERG have been commissioned to develop a software solution for Air Quality e-Reporting for the West Balkan countries
The software solution has been successfully installed and training has been provided. For the reporting of air quality according to the air quality directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC, Albania, Montenegro and Serbia has used the software for reporting 2015 data to EEA.
2017
Final report: Air quality management feasibility study for Armenia. NILU OR
A Feasibility Study has been performed to assess the Air Quality Management (AQM) situation in Armenia for the purpose of potentially preparing a future comprehensive project proposal for establishing an Air Quality Management Program (AQMP) for the country. The study was conducted in cooperation with local Armenian Environmental authorities (primarily the Environmental Impact Monitoring Centre - EIMC) to evaluate the existing local monitoring network and collaborating institutions, in addition to performing a screening study in Yerevan based on passive samplers. Results from the study indicate that Armenia needs technical support and training in order to establish a comprehensive AQMP. Recommendations, including a detailed roadmap, are presented as suggestions for the framework of a future proposal to establish a successful AQMP in Armenia.
2011
The essential-use concept is a tool that can guide the phase-out of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and potentially other substances of concern. This concept is a novel approach to chemicals management that determines whether using substances of concern, such as PFAS, is truly essential for a given functionality. To assess the essentiality of a particular use case, three considerations need to be addressed: (1) the function (chemical, end use and service) that the chemical provides in the use case, (2) whether the function is necessary for health and safety and critical for the functioning of society and (3) if the function is necessary, whether there are viable alternatives for the chemical for this particular use. A few illustrative examples of the three-step process are provided for use cases of PFAS. The essential-use concept takes chemicals management away from a substance-by-substance approach to a group approach. For PFAS and other substances of concern, it offers a more rapid pathway toward effective management or phase-out. Parts of the concept of essential use have already been widely applied in global treaties and international regulations and it has also been recently used by product manufacturers and retailers to phase out substances of concern from supply chains. Herein some of the common questions and misinterpretations regarding the practical application of the essential-use concept are reviewed, and answers and further clarifications are provided.
2021
2024