Found 9764 publications. Showing page 281 of 391:
PFAS - Comparison of MS/MS and MS-TOF techniques and two extraction methods on lean and fatty fish. NILU PP
2011
PFAS Exposure is Associated with a Lower Spermatic Quality in an Arctic Seabird
Several studies have reported an increasing occurrence of poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in Arctic wildlife tissues, raising concerns due to their resistance to degradation. While some research has explored PFAS’s physiological effects on birds, their impact on reproductive functions, particularly sperm quality, remains underexplored. This study aims to assess (1) potential association between PFAS concentrations in blood and sperm quality in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), focusing on the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa, sperm velocity, percentage of sperm motility, and morphology; and (2) examine the association of plasma levels of testosterone, corticosterone, and luteinizing hormone with both PFAS concentrations and sperm quality parameters to assess possible endocrine disrupting pathways. Our findings reveal a positive correlation between the concentration of longer-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCA; C11–C14) in blood and the percentage of abnormal sperm in kittiwakes. Additionally, we observed that two other PFAS (i.e., PFOSlin and PFNA), distinct from those associated with sperm abnormalities, were positively correlated with the stress hormone corticosterone. These findings emphasize the potentially harmful substance-specific effects of long-chain PFCAs on seabirds and the need for further research into the impact of pollutants on sperm quality as a potential additional detrimental effect on birds.
2024
2012
PFASs in house dust. NILU OR
NILU has, on behalf of the Norwegian Environment Agency, performed sampling and analysis of house dust from Norwegian households. The goal was to study concentration ranges, and variability between- and within-houses of anionic and volatile per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), including the regulated PFOA, as well as for total extractable organic fluorine (TEOF). The sampling was done in six separate rooms in six different households. The analysis covered a suite of 20 targeted PFASs; ten of these were consistently detected in most samples while the other ten were below detection limit in the major part of the samples. A range of the targeted PFASs were detected in all rooms except in one room in one household in which all PFASs were below detection. The concentrations of individual PFASs as well as the sum of PFASs were lower than a previous study in Norway. The results show significant variability between houses for the anionic and volatile PFASs as well as for TEOF. For anionic PFASs, the results also indicate within-house variability with higher concentrations in dust from bedrooms (children and parents) and living rooms than in dust from bathroom, kitchen and entrances. For the volatile PFASs and TEOF, no significant difference between rooms were found. These results indicate that factors like building materials and consumer products (e.g., furniture, textiles etc.) affect the levels of PFASs in house dust but the reason for the findings are not further evaluated in this report. Anionic PFASs seem to contribute significantly to the TEOF (10-100%) in house dust.
2015
2023
2009
2008
2003
Pharmaceuticals and additives in personal care products as environmental pollutants - Faroe Island, Iceland and Greenland. TemaNord, 2013:541
2013
2014
Pharmacokinetics of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles: In Vitro—In Vivo Correlation
Data suitable for assembling a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nanoparticles (NPs) remain relatively scarce. Therefore, there is a trend in extrapolating the results of in vitro and in silico studies to in vivo nanoparticle hazard and risk assessment. To evaluate the reliability of such approach, a pharmacokinetic study was performed using the same polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) in vitro and in vivo. As in vitro models, human cell lines TH1, A549, Hep G2, and 16HBE were employed. The in vivo PEG-AuNP biodistribution was assessed in rats. The internalization and exclusion of PEG-AuNPs in vitro were modeled as first-order rate processes with the partition coefficient describing the equilibrium distribution. The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by fitting the model to the in vitro data and subsequently used for PBPK simulation in vivo. Notable differences were observed in the internalized amount of Au in individual cell lines compared to the corresponding tissues in vivo, with the highest found for renal TH1 cells and kidneys. The main reason for these discrepancies is the absence of natural barriers in the in vitro conditions. Therefore, caution should be exercised when extrapolating in vitro data to predict the in vivo NP burden and response to exposure.
MDPI
2022
The present study aimed at the identification and quantification of toxic compounds (nitrosamines and nitramines) resulting from the photochemical oxidation of the two amines (Amine-1 and Amine-2) for use in CO2 capture and the determination of their chemical production yields under various NOx mixing ratios in sunlit chamber experiments at the photo reactor facility EUPHORE in Valencia, Spain. Considering the uncertainties of the two applied nitramine measurement methods, the conversion yield of Amine-1-nitramine for low NOx conditions typical for Mongstad is estimated to range from 1.4% to 4.1%. The candidate for the first generation nitrosamine forming the photo-oxidation of Amine-1 (Amine-1-nitrosamine candidate) was identified by analysis of Thermosorb/N samples in the Amine-1 product yield experiments.
2013