Found 10544 publications. Showing page 52 of 422:
2012
2009
2026
2026
We aimed to evaluate associations of whole blood gene expression and immune cell composition with menopausal status and hormone therapy (HT) use among women who had never been diagnosed with cancer in the Norwegian Women and Health (NOWAC) postgenome cohort. This cross-sectional study comprised microarray-based gene expression profiles obtained from the whole blood samples of 1,428 women, estimated white blood cell (WBC) proportions, as well as relevant information from questionnaires. We used gene-wise linear regression models to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and functional enrichment analyses to determine their corresponding biological functions. The study’s novel evaluation of blood gene expression profiles in relation to menopausal status revealed over 1,400 DEGs in the post-vs-premenopausal comparison; the DEGs’ biological functions were primarily linked to immune responses, cell-cell adhesion, cognition, muscle system processes, and reproduction. Adjusting for estimated WBC proportions substantially reduced the number of DEGs to 26, and terms related to immune responses in biological functions were no longer enriched. Additionally, separate analyses of postmenopausal women identified over 200 DEGs associated with HT use, and these DEGs were linked to oestrogen-dependent gene expression and RHO GTPases signalling. The distribution of several WBCs varied across menopausal status and HT use groups. This is the first study to investigate associations between whole blood gene expression and menopausal status, and the largest to investigate associations to postmenopausal HT use. Menopause-related transcriptional differences were largely driven by changes in circulating WBC composition, whereas HT use was associated with a less distinct, oestrogen-responsive gene expression signature resembling a more premenopausal profile. These findings highlight the systemic impact of menopause and the central role of immune cell composition in whole blood gene expression during menopause and suggest that oestrogen status, whether endogenous or via HT, has measurable systemic molecular effects.
2026
Atlantic multidecadal oscillation modulates the impacts of Arctic sea ice decline
The Arctic sea ice cover has been rapidly declining in the last two decades, concurrent with a shift in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) to its warm phase around 1996/1997. Here we use both observations and model simulations to investigate the modulation of the atmospheric impacts of the decreased sea ice cover in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic (AASIC) by the AMO. We find that the AASIC loss during a cold AMO phase induces increased Ural blocking activity, a southeastward‐extended snowpack, and a cold continent anomaly over Eurasia in December through northerly cold air advection and moisture transport from the Arctic. The increased Ural blocking activity and more extended Eurasian snowpack strengthen the upward propagation of planetary waves over the Siberian‐Pacific sector in the lower stratosphere and hence lead to a weakened stratospheric polar vortex and a negative Arctic Oscillation (AO) phase at the surface in February. However, corresponding to the AASIC loss during a warm AMO phase, one finds more widespread warming over the Arctic and a reduced snowpack over Northern Eurasia in December. The stratosphere‐troposphere coupling is suppressed in early winter and no negative AO anomaly is found in February. We suggest that the cold AMO phase is important to regulate the atmospheric response to AASIC decline, and our study provides insight to the ongoing debate on the connection between the Arctic sea ice and the AO.
2018
Atmosfærisk nedfall av tungmetaller i Norge. Landsomfattende undersøkelse i 1990. Statlig program for forurensningsovervåking. Rapport 523/93. TA-947/1993.
1993
Atmosfærisk nedfall av tungmetaller i Norge. Landsomfattende undersøkelse i 1995. Statlig program for forurensningsovervåking. Rapport 691/97. TA-1436/1997.
1997
2003
2016
Atmospheric composition in the European Arctic and 30 years of the Zeppelin Observatory, Ny-Ålesund
The Zeppelin Observatory (78.90∘ N, 11.88∘ E) is located on Zeppelin Mountain at 472 m a.s.l. on Spitsbergen, the largest island of the Svalbard archipelago. Established in 1989, the observatory is part of Ny-Ålesund Research Station and an important atmospheric measurement site, one of only a few in the high Arctic, and a part of several European and global monitoring programmes and research infrastructures, notably the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP); the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP); the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW); the Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS); the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) network; and the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS). The observatory is jointly operated by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI), Stockholm University, and the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU). Here we detail the establishment of the Zeppelin Observatory including historical measurements of atmospheric composition in the European Arctic leading to its construction. We present a history of the measurements at the observatory and review the current state of the European Arctic atmosphere, including results from trends in greenhouse gases, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), other traces gases, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals, aerosols and Arctic haze, and atmospheric transport phenomena, and provide an outline of future research directions.
2022
Atmospheric composition in the European Arctic and 30 years of the Zeppelin Observatory, Ny-Ålesund,
2021