Publications

Urban air pollution and human health

Cincinelli, Alessandra; Katsoyiannis, Athanasios A.

Top-down estimates of N2O emissions over the past two decades

Thompson, Rona Louise; Lassaletta, Luis; Patra, Prabir; Wilson, C.; Wells, Kelley C.; Gressent, Alicia; Koffi, Ernest; Chipperfield, M. P; Winiwarter, Wilfried; Davidson, E. A.; Tian, H.; Canadell, P.

Zurich Statement on Future Actions on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

Wang, Z.; Ritscher, A.; Scheringer, M.; Boucher, J.; Ahrens, L.; Berger, U.; Bintein, S.; Bopp, S.; Borg, D.; Buser, A.; Cousins, Ian; DeWitt, J. C.; Fletcher, T; Green, C.; Herzke, Dorte; Higgins, C. P.; Huang, J.; Hung, H.; Knepper, T. P.; Lau, C.; Leinala, E.; Lindstrom, A.; Liu, J.; Miller, M.; Ohno, K.; Perkola, N.; Shi, Y; Haug, Line Småstuen; Trier, X.; Valsecchi, S.; Jagt, K. van der; Vierke, L.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Not Declining in Arctic Air Despite Global Emission Reduction

Yu, Yong; Katsoyiannis, Athanasios A.; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla; Brorström-Lundén, Eva; Ma, Jianmin; Zhao, Yuan; Wu, Zhiyong; Tych, Wlodzimierz; Mindham, David; Sverko, Ed; Barresi, Enzo; Dryfhout-Clark, Helena; Fellin, Phil; Hung, Hayley

Two decades of atmospheric measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were conducted at three Arctic sites, i.e., Alert, Canada; Zeppelin, Svalbard; and Pallas, Finland. PAH concentrations decrease with increasing latitude in the order of Pallas > Zeppelin > Alert. Forest fire was identified as an important contributing source. Three representative PAHs, phenanthrene (PHE), pyrene (PYR), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) were selected for the assessment of their long-term trends. Significant decline of these PAHs was not observed contradicting the expected decline due to PAH emission reductions. A global 3-D transport model was employed to simulate the concentrations of these three PAHs at the three sites. The model predicted that warming in the Arctic would cause the air concentrations of PHE and PYR to increase in the Arctic atmosphere, while that of BaP, which tends to be particle-bound, is less affected by temperature. The expected decline due to the reduction of global PAH emissions is offset by the increment of volatilization caused by warming. This work shows that this phenomenon may affect the environmental occurrence of other anthropogenic substances, such as more volatile flame retardants and pesticides.

Europe's urban air quality — re-assessing implementation challenges in cities

Öztürk, Evrim Dogan; Lükewille, Anke; Ortiz, Alberto González; Viana, Mar; Bartonova, Alena; Guerreiro, Cristina D.b.b.; Leeuw, Frank de

This report analyses the implementation of EU air quality legislation at the urban level and identifies some of the reasons behind persistent air quality problems in Europe's cities. It is produced in cooperation with 10 cities involved in a 2013 Air Implementation Pilot project: Antwerp (Belgium), Berlin (Germany), Dublin (Ireland), Madrid (Spain), Malmö (Sweden), Milan (Italy), Paris (France), Plovdiv (Bulgaria), Prague (Czechia) and Vienna (Austria).

European Environment Agency

Extreme stratospheric vortex events in the ECMWF seasonal forecast model with re-analyses

Orsolini, Yvan

Study of Energetic Particle Precipitation Effects, based on 15 Years of NO Observations by Odin/SMR

Pérot, K.; Orsolini, Yvan; Grieco, F.; Murtagh, D.

Impact of Medium-energy Electron Precipitation on Ozone and Middle Atmosphere Dynamics in WACCM simulations

Guttu, Sigmund; Orsolini, Yvan

Top-down approaches for estimating GHG emissions: Current capabilities and future perspectives

Thompson, Rona Louise

Alternative technologies for monitoring urban air quality – From Satellites to Sensor networks

Schneider, Philipp

Screening new PFAS compounds 2018

Hanssen, Linda; Herzke, Dorte; Nikiforov, Vladimir; Moe, Børge; Nygård, Torgeir; Dijk, Jiska Joanneke van; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Fuglei, Eva; Yeung, Leo; Vogelsang, Christian; Carlsson, Pernilla Marianne

This screening project has focused on the occurrence of conventional and emerging PFASs in terrestrial and marine environments, including the Arctic. Conventional PFASs were found to be wide-spread in the environment and for the first time in Norway reported in wolf, a top predator from the terrestrial environment. Otters living in close proximity to human settlements and preying on the marine food chain, are heavily contaminated with PFASs. Areas where ski-testing activities are common are a potential “hotspot” where PFASs can enter the food chain. The difference in PFAS-profile between the samples indicates that the diversity in samples are necessary to reveal the complete picture of PFASs in the environment.

NILU

The relationship between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and trace elements and thyroid hormone status in glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus)

Mortensen, Åse-Karen; Hovden, T. S.; Ciesielski, Tomasz Maciej; Heimstad, Eldbjørg Sofie; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro