Publications

Update of background concentrations over Norway. NILU OR

Schneider, P.; Tønnesen, D.; Denby, B.

A methodology for creating a new dataset of estimated background concentrations of NO2, O3, PM10, and PM2.5 that are representative of a typical year over Norway, was developed. The dataset has a spatial resolution of 10 km × 10 km and an hourly temporal resolution. The methodology is based on a spatial mapping component for obtaining information on annual mean background concentrations, and a temporal characterization component, which uses long-term time series of station data to describe the typical development of background concentrations throughout a day and a year. When combined, these two components allow estimates of typical background concentrations at any time of the year at any location in Norway. Whereas the previously used VLUFT method of 1993 only provided spatially constant data at the county level, the new method presented here provides spatially continuous data at a comparatively high spatial resolution. Furthermore, while the previous method only gave a range of constant values that were considered valid throughout the entire year, the new technique provides continuous time series for a typical year at hourly resolution at any location in Norway.

Long-range transport of wastes containing PCBs and other industrial organic contaminants: Implications for global fate and control strategies. NILU F

Breivik, K.; Chakraborty, P.; Gioia, R.; Jones, K.C.; Zhang, G.

Recent studies show that PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) air concentrations remain surprisingly high in parts of Africa and Asia. These are regions where PCBs were never extensively used, but which are implicated as recipients of obsolete products and wastes containing PCBs and other industrial organic contaminants. We hypothesize that there may be different trends in emissions across the globe, whereby emissions of some industrial organic contaminants may be decreasing faster in former use regions (due to emission reductions combined with uncontrolled export), at the expense of regions receiving these substances as obsolete products and wastes. While significant efforts and achievements have been made by the scientific community to understand and predict LRT of such chemicals by air and water, it is cautioned that the global sources and fate of these chemicals still cannot be fully rationalized (nor controlled) without an understanding of emissions due to ¿LRT¿ by products and wastes. However, the potential for detrimental effects on the environment and human health due to LRT by air, water, or wastes should be of equal concern when managing and regulating industrial organic contaminants. This calls for a better integration of life-cycle approaches in the management and regulation of industrial organic contaminants in order to protect environmental and human health on a global scale. Yet, in comparison to LRT by air and water, little remains known about the LRT of industrial organic contaminants as obsolete products and wastes because of the often illicit nature of these operations.

Bioaccumulation of brominated flame retardants. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol. 16

Dominguez, A.A.; Law, R.J.; Herzke, D.; de Boer, J.

NO2 emission from the vehicle fleet in major Norwegian cities. Challenges and possibilities towards 2025. TØI rapport, 1168/2011

Hagman, R.; Gjerstad, K.I.; Amundsen, A.H.

A new estimation of the recent tropospheric molecular hydrogen budget using atmospheric observations and variational inversion.

Yver, C. E.; Pison, I. C.; Fortems-Cheiney, A.; Schmidt, M.; Chevallier, F.; Ramonet, M.; Jordan, A.; Søvde, O. A.; Engel, A.; Fisher, R. E.; Lowry, D.; Nisbet, E. G.; Levin, I.; Hammer, S.; Necki, J.; Bartyzel, J.; Reimann, S.; Vollmer, M. K.; Steinbacher, M.; Aalto, T.; Maione, M.; Arduini, J.; O'Doherty, S.; Grant, A.; Sturges, W. T.; Forster, G. L.; Lunder, C. R.; Privalov, V.; Paramonova, N.; Werner, A.; Bousquet, P.

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in the areas surrounding manufacturing plants, utilizing the moss technique: Survey 2010. NILU OR

Steinnes, E.; Uggerud, H.; Pfaffhuber, K.A.

On request from Climate and Pollution Agency a survey of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals around 16 industrial enterprises at 13 different locations in Norway is executed. The survey is based on analysis of moss samples collected locally around each enterprise during the summer 2010, and includes 59 elements. The present survey is for a majority of the locations a repetition of equal surveys executed in the years 2000 and 2005.

Local kinetic interpretation of entropy production through reversed diffusion.

Porporato, A.; Kramer, P.R.; Cassiani, M.; Daly, E.; Mattingly, J.

Alterations of immune response of lymphocytes exposed to PLGA and TiO2 nanoparticles in vitro. Abstract.

Kuricova, M.; Tulinska, J.; Liskova, A.; Neubauerova, E.; Dusinska, M.; Wsolova, L.; Bilanicova, D.; Pojana, G.; Volkovova, K.

Indoor and outdoor particle number and mass concentrations in Athens. Sources, sinks and variability of aerosol parameters.

Diapouli, E.; Eleftheriadis, K.; Karanasiou, A.A.; Vratolis, S.; Hermansen, O.; Colbeck, I.; Lazaridis, M.

General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) - integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales.

Kulmala, M.; Asmi, A.; Lappalainen, H. K.; Baltensperger, U.; Brenguier, J.-L.; Facchini, M. C.; Hansson, H.-C.; Hov, Ø.; O'Dowd, C. D.; Pöschl, U.; Wiedensohler, A.; Boers, R.; Boucher, O.; de Leeuw, G.; Denier van der Gon, H. A. C.; Feichter, J.; Krejci, R.; Laj, P.; Lihavainen, H.; Lohmann, U.; McFiggans, G.; Mentel, T.; Pilinis, C.; Riipinen, I.; Schulz, M.; Stohl, A.; Swietlicki, E.; Vignati, E.; Alves, C.; Amann, M.; Ammann, M.; Arabas, S.; Artaxo, P.; Baars, H.; Beddows, D. C. S.; Bergström, R.; Beukes, J. P.; Bilde, M.; Burkhart, J. F.; Canonaco, F.; Clegg, S. L.; Coe, H.; Crumeyrolle, S.; D'Anna, B.; Decesari, S.; Gilardoni, S.; Fischer, M.; Fjaeraa, A. M.; Fountoukis, C.; George, C.; Gomes, L.; Halloran, P.; Hamburger, T.; Harrison, R. M.; Herrmann, H.; Hoffmann, T.; Hoose, C.; Hu, M.; Hyvärinen, A.; Hõrrak, U.; Iinuma, Y.; Iversen, T.; Josipovic, M.; Kanakidou, M.; Kiendler-Scharr, A.; Kirkevåg, A.; Kiss, G.; Klimont, Z.; Kolmonen, P.; Komppula, M.; Kristjánsson, J.-E.; Laakso, L.; Laaksonen, A.; Labonnote, L.; Lanz, V. A.; Lehtinen, K. E. J.; Rizzo, L. V.; Makkonen, R.; Manninen, H. E.; McMeeking, G.; Merikanto, J.; Minikin, A.; Mirme, S.; Morgan, W. T.; Nemitz, E.; O'Donnell, D.; Panwar, T. S.; Pawlowska, H.; Petzold, A.; Pienaar, J. J.; Pio, C.; Plass-Duelmer, C.; Prévôt, A. S. H.; Pryor, S.; Reddington, C. L.; Roberts, G.; Rosenfeld, D.; Schwarz, J.; Seland, Ø.; Sellegri, K.; Shen, X. J.; Shiraiwa, M.; Siebert, H.; Sierau, B.; Simpson, D.; Sun, J. Y.; Topping, D.; Tunved, P.; Vaattovaara, P.; Vakkari, V.; Veefkind, J. P.; Visschedijk, A.; Vuollekoski, H.; Vuolo, R.; Wehner, B.; Wildt, J.; Woodward, S.; Worsnop, D. R.; van Zadelhoff, G.-J.; Zardini, A. A.; Zhang, K.; van Zyl, P. G.; Kerminen, V.-M.; S Carslaw, K.; Pandis, S. N.

Update and improvement of dispersion calculations for emissions to air from TCM's amine plant. Part II-Likely case nitrosamines, nitramines and formaldehyde. NILU OR

Tønnesen, D.

Inert dispersion of a unitary emission has been combined with time dependent air chemistry to provide maximum impact of nitrosamines and nitramines in air and water for emissions from the amine absorber at TCM. The calculations show that likely case impact of nitrosamines and nitramines in air is less than 2 % of the recommended guideline value. The maximum concentrations in fresh water range from0.6 % to 3.2 % of the guideline depending on the use of absorbent and flue gas. The likely case impact show that air concentrations are a factor of 3 to 4 lower than the worst case, while water concentrations are be a factor from 16 to 22 lower than the worst case depending on the type of absorbent.

Physical and chemical properties of pollution aerosol particles transported from North America to Greenland as measured during the POLARCAT summer campaign.

Quennehen, B.; Schwarzenboeck, A.; Schmale, J.; Schneider, J.; Sodemann, H.; Stohl, A.; Ancellet, G.; Crumeyrolle, S.; Law, K. S.

Source identification and airborne chemical characterisation of aerosol pollution from long-range transport over Greenland during POLARCAT summer campaign 2008.

Schmale, J.; Schneider, J.; Ancellet, G.; Quennehen, B.; Stohl, A.; Sodemann, H.; Burkhart, J. F.; Hamburger, T.; Arnold, S. R.; Schwarzenboeck, A.; Borrmann, S.; Law, K. S.