Publications

Co-benefits of mitigation activities for climate change and POPs emission reduction.

Pacyna, J.M.; Sundseth, K.; Pacyna, E.G.

Emission inventories and projections for assessing hemispheric or intercontinental transport of persistent organic pollutants. Air pollution studies, 19

Theloke, J.; Li, Y.-F.; Breivik, K.; Denier van der Gon,H.; Pacyna, J.; Panasiuk, D.; Sundseth, K.; Tao, S.

Arctic pollution 2011.

Ravilious, K.; NILU contributors: Pacyna, J.; Sandanger, T.M.; Sundseth, K.

Global emissions of industrial POPs - is there a shift in source regions? NILU F

Breivik, K.; Chakraborty, P.; Eckhardt, S.; Gioia, R.; Jones, K.C.; Pacyna, J.M.; Sweetman, A.J.; Zhang, G.

Screening and prioritizing organic chemicals based on far-field human exposure. NILU F

Arnot, J.A.; Brown, T.N.; Breivik, K.; Wania, F.; McLachlan, M.S.

Development of a Particulate Deposition Sampler in the TeACH project NILU F

Lopez-Aparicio, S.

Particle sampling in the Khalifa Port Industrial Zone (KPIZ). Analysis results from sampling period August 2010-February 2011. NILU OR

Hak, C.

A particle sampling and monitoring programme has been carried out in Khalifa Port Industrial Zone (KPIZ), between Abu Dhabi and Dubai. At the site in Area A of KPIZ, PM2.5 was sampled on filters during a six month period. The filters were analysed gravimetrically and with respect to fluoride. Selected filters were subject to detailed chemical speciation.
PM2.5 mass concentrations were found to agree well with concentrations observed throughout Abu Dhabi. Also inorganic ion concentrations and concentrations of most elements were similar to the Abu Dhabi average. The total carbon contribution in KPIZ was found to be lower than in the Abu Dhabi average. Fluoride concentrations were below guidance levels defined by WHO throughout the sampling period.
Inorganic ions (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, sodium, chloride , calcium, magnesium, potassium) explained on average 49% of the PM2.5 mass, dominated by sulphate, ammonium and nitrate, which are indicators of secondary inorganic aerosol (long-range transported, anthropogenic origin).
Crustal elements (calcium, magnesium, aluminium, iron, titanium) were found to be the most abundant elements. The elements analysed accounted for 15% (on average) of the PM2.5 mass. Reconstructing the mass of crustal oxides, approximately 44% of the fine particle mass was estimated to be associated with mineral dust. Toxic heavy metal concentrations were found to be below guideline values.
Total carbon, which consists of elemental carbon, organic carbon and carbonate carbon contributed on average 12% to PM2.5 mass. About 15% of total carbon is carbonate of natural origin. Elemental carbon and organic carbon of likely anthropogenic origin usually account for most total carbon in PM2.5 in KPIZ.
PM in KPIZ has a strong signature of natural sources (mineral dust) and long-range transport of particulate pollutants. A detailed apportionment of sources requires the analysis of more samples.

Top-down assessment of air pollution and GHGs for Dhaka, Bangladesh. Analysis of GAINS derived model data. NILU TR

Randall, S.

The city of Dhaka was chosen for this assessment due to the current ongoing project Bangladesh Air Pollution Management (BAPMAN), which concentrates mostly on the capital city Dhaka. The Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies model (GAINS) was used to performed this top-down assessment due to the models integrated assessment approach of capturing interactions between air pollution control and economic development, as well as its focus on presenting cost effective pollution control strategies. Results from the GAINS model assessment for Dhaka shows that for 2010 the total PM2.5 emissions were 35000 tons/year, and the total PM10 emissions were 45000 tons/year. The top sectors making up the PM emissions included Industry and Residential sectors, where the specific sub-sectors were brick/cement production and residential cooking respectively; the top activities making up the emissions were 'no fuel use' and 'fuelwood direct'. GAINS estimates that the top 3 technical control measures available for PM can eliminate approximately 1/3 of the PM emissions at a cost of .65 MEuro/year. GAINS results also shows that for Dhaka in 2010 the total SO2 emissions were 34000 tons/year, dominated by the Industrial sector, made up of the sub-sectors of new power plants and industrial combustion; top activities contributing to these emissions are hard coal and natural gas. NOX emissions for Dhaka in 2010 were 30000 tons/year, dominated by the Industrial and Transport sectors, made up of the industrial combustion/power plant and light/heavy duty sub-sectors respectively; top activities contributing to these emissions include natural gas, gasoline, and medium distillates. GHG emissions for Dhaka in 2010 exceeded 23 million tons/year, dominated by the Industrial and Agricultural sectors, comprising of the industrial combustion and new power plant sub-sectors; top activities contributing to these emissions include natural gas and hard coal.

Phytoplankton allelochemical interactions change microbial food web dynamics.

Weissbach, A.; Rudström, M.; Olofsson, M.; Béchemin, C.; Icely, J.; Newton, A.; Tillmann, U.; Legrand, C.

Atmospheric histories and global emissions of the anthropogenic hydrofluorocarbons HFC-365mfc, HFC-245fa, HFC-227ea, and HFC-236fa.

Vollmer, M.K.; Miller, B.R.; Rigby, M.; Reimann,S.; Mühle, J.; Krummel, P.B.; O'Doherty, S.; Kim, J.; Rhee, T.S.; Weiss, R.F.; Fraser, P.J.; Simmonds, P.G.; Salameh, P.K.; Harth, C.M.; Wang, R.H.J.; Steele, L.P.; Young, D.; Lunder, C.R.; Hermansen, O.; Ivy, D.; Arnold, T.; Schmidbauer, N.; Kim, K.R.; Greally, B.R.; Hill, M.; Leist, M.; Wenger, A.; Prinn, R.G.

Have aerosols affected trends in visibility and precipitation in Europe?

Stjern, C.W.; Stohl, A.; Kristjánsson, J.E.

Determination of time- and height-resolved volcanic ash emissions and their use for quantitative ash dispersion modeling: the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption.

Stohl, A.; Prata, A.J.; Eckhardt, S.; Clarisse, L.; Durant, A.; Henne, S.; Kristiansen, N.I.; Minikin, A.; Schumann, U.; Seibert, P.; Stebel, K.; Thomas, H.E.; Thorsteinsson, T.; Tørseth, K.; Weinzierl, B.