Publications

Ninth EIONET workshop on air quality management and assessment, Oslo, 22-23 November 2004. Proceedings. ETC/ACC Technical paper, 2005/1

Larssen, S.; de Leeuw, F.

Nitric acid in the stratosphere based on Odin observations from 2001 to 2009- part 1: A global climatology.

Urban, J.; Pommier, M.; Murtagh, D. P.; Santee, M. L.; Orsolini, Y. J.

Nitric acid phase partitioning and cycling in the New England coastal atmosphere.

Fischer, E.; Pszenny, A.; Keene, W.; Maben, J.; Smith, A.; Stohl, A.; Talbot, R.

Nitric oxide response to the April 2010 electron precipitation event

Smith-Johnsen, Christine; Marsh, Daniel R.; Orsolini, Yvan; Nesse Tyssøy, Hilde; Sandanger, Marit Irene J.; Ødegaard, Linn-Kristine Glesnes; Stordal, Frode

Nitric oxide response to the April 2010 electron precipitation event: Using WACCM and WACCM-D with and without medium-energy electrons

Smith-Johnsen, Christine; Marsh, Daniel R.; Orsolini, Yvan; Tyssøy, Hilde Nesse; Hendrickx, Koen; Sandanger, Marit Irene J.; Ødegaard, Linn-Kristine Glesnes; Stordal, Frode

Energetic electrons from the magnetosphere deposit their energy in the atmosphere and lead to production of nitric oxide (NO) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We study the atmospheric NO response to a geomagnetic storm in April 2010 with WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model). Modeled NO is compared to observations by Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment/Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere at 72–82°S latitudes. We investigate the modeled NOs sensitivity to changes in energy and chemistry. The electron energy model input is either a parameterization of auroral electrons or a full range energy spectrum (1–750 keV) from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites and European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites/Meteorological Operational satellites. To study the importance of ion chemistry for the production of NO, WACCM‐D, which has more complex ion chemistry, is used. Both standard WACCM and WACCM‐D underestimate the storm time NO increase in the main production region (90–110 km), using both electron energy inputs. At and below 80 km, including medium‐energy electrons (>30 keV) is important both for NO directly produced at this altitude region and for NO transported from other regions (indirect effect). By using WACCM‐D the direct NO production is improved, while the indirect effects on NO suffer from the downward propagating deficiency above. In conclusion, both a full range energy spectrum and ion chemistry is needed throughout the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region to increase the direct and indirect contribution from electrons on NO.

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Nitrogen as a threat to European air quality.

Moldanova, J.; Grennfelt, P.; Jonsson, Å.; Simpson, D.; Spranger, T.; Aas, W.; Munthe, J.; Rabl, A.

Nitrogen oxides.

Lövblad, G.; Tarrasón, L.; Tørseth, K.

Nitrogenfluksmålinger i Storgama. NILU F

Hole, L.R.

Nitrous oxide emissions 1999 to 2009 from a global atmospheric inversion.

Thompson, R.L.; Chevallier, F.; Crotwell, A.M.; Dutton, G.; Langenfelds, R.L.; Prinn, R.G.; Weiss, R.F.; Tohjima, Y.; Nakazawa, T.; Krummel, P.B.; Steele, L.P.; Fraser, P.; Ishijima, K.; Aoki, S.

Nivåer av tungmetaller og PCBer i elgkjøtt fra Sør-Varanger 2020

Aspholm, Paul Eric; Beddari, Benedicte; Søvik, Ingrid; Fløistad, Ida Marie Bardalen; Englund, Monika Strasser; Enge, Ellen Katrin; Vadset, Marit; Heimstad, Eldbjørg Sofie; Hagen, Snorre

Under høstjakta på elg (Alces alces) i 2020 ble det tatt vevsprøver til analyser av tungmetaller og PCB. Tungmetallprøver ble tatt av 24 individer; 4 hunnkalver, 4 hannkalver, 3 hanner av åringer og 13 okser (voksne hanner). PCB analyser ble gjort av vevsprøver som ble tatt av 2 hunnkalver, 3 hannkalver, 2 hann-åringer og 9 okser (totalt 16 dyr). De felte dyrene har god geografisk spredning fra sør til nord og nord-øst i kommunen. Tungmetallene som ble analysert var krom (Cr), nikkel (Ni), kobber (Cu), sink (Zn), arsen (As), sølv (Ag), kadmium (Cd), tinn (Sn), bly (Pb) og kvikksølv (Hg). PCB ble analysert for 34 kongenere pluss sumPCB6 og sumPCB7. De fleste konsentrasjonene av tungmetallene var svært lave og flere var under deteksjonsgrensene. Ellers var det bare sporadiske lave forekomster av de 32 PCBene som ble funnet i noen av de undersøkte elgene. Det var bare heksaklorbensen som ble detektert i alle prøvene fra elgene).

NIBIO

NO produced by energetic electron precipitation during a geomagnetic storm in April 2010 - model vs observations.

Smith-Johnsen C.; Marsh, D.; Orsolini, Y.; Tyssøy, H. N.; Hendrickx, K.; Glesnes Ødegaard, L.-K.; Stordal, F.; Megner, L.

NO2 calculations for 2010 and 2025 in Oslo and Bærum. Contribution from diesel cars and possible precautions. NILU OR

Sundvor, I.; Tarrasón, L.; Walker, S-E.; Tønnesen, D.

The Air Quality in Oslo in 2025 will be worse than previously expected. If the present trend of a high percentage of sold diesel passenger cars will continue it will make the NO2 levels from light vehicles higher in 2025 compared with 2010.This is due to higher emissions of diesel cars in real driving cycles compared to the emissions standards. The calculation of NO2 concentrations in 2025 shows levels that will violate the directives¿ limit values in a large area of Oslo.

Calculations are done for 2010 and 2025 and results from totally 9 dispersion calculations are shown. Firstly 4 reference calculations are considered looking at the effect of the difference of real emissions factors taken from measurement under typically urban driving-cycle compared with the emission standards. There have also been done 3 mitigation calculations with incentives for lower diesel cars sales numbers and two short-time measures limiting the use of cars.
None of these measures are sufficient for keeping the limit values in Oslo and Bærum in 2025 and hence more measures are needed.

NO2 sequential air sampler. NILU SS2000. NILU TR

Uggerud, H.T.; Aas, W.; Willoch, H.