Found 10000 publications. Showing page 164 of 400:
Inert dispersion of a unitary emission has been combined with time dependent air chemistry to provide maximum impact of nitrosamines and nitramines in air and water for emissions from the amine absorber at TCM. The calculations show that worst case impact of nitrosamines and nitramines in air is 5 % of the recommended guideline value. The maximum concentrations in fresh water range from13 % to 53 % of the guideline depending on the use of absorbent and flue gas. Estimates for a likely case impact show that air concentrations will be a factor of 3 lower than the worst case, while water concentrations will be a factor from 10 to 20 lower than the worst case depending on the type of absorber.
2011
2011
Dispersion calculations due to emissions from Råde Mølle og Kornsilo. NILU OR
Dispersion calculations and stack height calculatoons have been carried out for emissions from bio fuelled incinerator at Råde Mølle og Kornsilo. Minimum stack height is calculated to 29 metres above ground level with input presented in this report.
2011
Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Norway. Nationwide survey 2010. NILU OR
The geographical distribution of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Norway was mapped in 2010 by analysis of moss samples from 464 sites all over the country. This report provides a presentation of the results and a comparison with data from a series of corresponding moss surveys starting 1977. The survey is part of an international program comprising large parts of Europe. The survey primarily concerns the ten metals of priority in the European program: vanadium, chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead. In addition data are reported for another 42 elements in the moss. The discussion of the obtained data mainly refers to contributions from air pollution. In addition influence from natural processes to the elemental composition of the moss and how it may influence the interpretation of the data is discussed.
2011
On request from Climate and Pollution Agency a survey of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals around 16 industrial enterprises at 13 different locations in Norway is executed. The survey is based on analysis of moss samples collected locally around each enterprise during the summer 2010, and includes 59 elements. The present survey is for a majority of the locations a repetition of equal surveys executed in the years 2000 and 2005.
2011
Baseline study on air and precipitation quality for CO2 Technology Centre Mongstad. NILU OR
NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research has carried out a monitoring campaign around the Mongstad industrial area on behalf of CO2 Technology Centre Mongstad (TCM) to establish the current levels of air and precipitation quality prior to the start-up of the TCM, as well as using the collected data for a recommended permanent surveillance monitoring network in the area. The levels of NOX, particulate matter, formaldehyd and NH3 was at typical rural background level. Ethylamine, methylamine and dimethylamine was found above detection limits. Nitrosamines, nitramines and isocyanates were not found above detection limits. Two of the locations from the baseline study have been recommended
2011
Measurements of air quality and corrosion risk at the Railway Museum in Warsaw. NILU OR
Measurements of the concentration of SO2, of aerosol concentration in air and of the composition and mass of water soluble cations and anions were performed during four seasons, spring, summer, autumn and winter, at two locations of the Railway Museum in Warsaw: Central Warsaw and Sochazew, which is located 50 km west of Warsaw. The time of wetness was calculated from precipitation data available from the Warsaw Targowek meteorological station. The measurements indicated a low to medium corrosivity for the atmospheres, which is typical for northern European inland environments with low chloride concentrations and relatively low SO2 concentration. The measurements indicated that sulphur dioxide SO2 was the main pollutant which gave increased corrosion at the sites, especially in Sochaczew, and that the presence of chloride, Cl-, and sulphate, SO42-, in the aerosol at significant levels contributed to the corrosion. Higher levels of Cl-, SO42- and H+ were measured in Sochaczew than in central Warsaw. The ISO 9223 corrosion category for SO2 and Cl- was 0 in central Warsaw and 1 in Sochaczew, indicating a significant contribution to the corrosion from anthropogenic sources in Sochaczew. The values for SO2 are slightly higher, but the PM10 values are lower, than tolerable levels for immovable (i.e. outdoor) cultural heritage given in a European wide assessment performed for CAFÉ (EU programme: Clean Air For Europe). The main factor that increases the corrosion to a higher ISO category (2-3) at the locations is the relatively humid climate. A further reduction of air pollutants should further reduce the corrosion, but the largest potential protection effect would be from measures to shelter the objects form rain and reduce the humidity in the air around the objects, e.g. by moving vulnerable smaller objects or particularly valuable objects to the indoor or applying other options for sheltering.
2011
Dispersion calculations and stack height calculations have been carried out for emissions from a bio and gas fueled incinerator at Nydalen, Oslo. Contribution to NO2-concentrations from the facility will be acceptable with input data used and recommended stack height
2011
Abu Dhabi traffic emissions inventory 2009. NILU OR
This report is part of a larger emissions inventory for the emirate of Abu Dhabi, which consists of industrial and traffic sources. Traffic emissions in Abu Dhabi are a major contributor to air emissions due to the large and inefficient cars used by most of the population, coupled with the high mileages drive annually. The report presents the results of the necessary data collected pertaining to traffic within the emirate.
A bottom-up approach was used for accumulating the total emissions attributed to transport, whereby the mileages, travel conditions, and age of the vehicles were taken into account and modelled. A gap analysis is presented in order to clarify the assumptions made during the modelling, and where the future updates to the emission inventory would benefit the most in terms of data collection.
2011
NILU has carried out a monitoring program regarding meteorology and air quality in Sauda during the periode 01.10.2010-31.03.2011. Filters have been investigated regarding several metallic compounds.
2011
EAD air quality monitoring network. Site survay for 10 new stations. NILU OR
Recommendations for additional monitoring stations in Abu Dhabi have been based on monitoring criteria and the objectives for measurements. It has been stressed that measurements have to be performed based on a number of permanent air quality stations. Also the meteorological measurements have to be co-ordinated with the permanent stations.
Based on the evaluations performed in Abu Dhabi, we have proposed three sites which should be developed and started immediately (1-3). Another three areas have been indicated for future and further evaluations. However, we believe that there will be a need in the near future also for measurements in these areas.
2011
E136 Breivika - Lerstad, Ålesund county. Evaluating air quality around openings of tunnels. NILU OR
Dispersion calculations regarding the tunnel connections along E136 Breivika - Lerstad, Ålesund county. Maximum concentrations and dispersion distances have been calculated.
2011
Air quality impact assessment, Maria Gleta Power Plant, Benin. NILU OR
Concentrations of air pollutants from the 50MW Jacobsen Electro power plant in Benin has been estimated using two different dispersion models. SO2 emissions from the power plant operated with heavy fuel oil has proven to be the most critical option compared to national and international limit values. The SO2 concentrations will never exceed more than 37% of the national air quality limit values. For all other options, such as light fuel oil and gas, the concentrations will be less. Also the impact of NOx and PM10 will be relative to the limit values be less than for SO2. The CO2 emissions will represent less than 10 % of the national greenhouse gas emissions in Benin.
2011
The Air Quality in Oslo in 2025 will be worse than previously expected. If the present trend of a high percentage of sold diesel passenger cars will continue it will make the NO2 levels from light vehicles higher in 2025 compared with 2010.This is due to higher emissions of diesel cars in real driving cycles compared to the emissions standards. The calculation of NO2 concentrations in 2025 shows levels that will violate the directives¿ limit values in a large area of Oslo.
Calculations are done for 2010 and 2025 and results from totally 9 dispersion calculations are shown. Firstly 4 reference calculations are considered looking at the effect of the difference of real emissions factors taken from measurement under typically urban driving-cycle compared with the emission standards. There have also been done 3 mitigation calculations with incentives for lower diesel cars sales numbers and two short-time measures limiting the use of cars.
None of these measures are sufficient for keeping the limit values in Oslo and Bærum in 2025 and hence more measures are needed.
2011
Strategy for national satellite related operational support to aviation for volcanic ash avoidance NILU OR
2011
Dispersion calculations of F to ambient air from an ironsilica refining plant at Mo I Rana. NILU OR
Dispersion calculations have been carried out for emissions of F to ambient air from an ironsilica refining plant at Mo I Rana
2011
SO2 Kårstø. Environmental consequences from increased emissions. NILU OR
Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) has performed dispersion calculations of emissions to air.
2011
A strategy for how Norwegian applied organizations should prepare for the upcoming EarthCARE and Sentinel 5 precursor satellite missions is discussed, and long- and short-term plans are provided. The satellites and their potential products are discussed in terms of possible applications by NILU and met.no and data are considered for operational use in (a) reporting of climate gases, aerosols, ozone and UV to Klif, (b) EMEP reporting on aerosol and acidification/eutrophication, (c) chemical weather forecasting, (d) numerical weather forecasting and (e) research on Cloud-Aerosol-Radiation interaction.
2011
NILU has monitored particulate matter around Glasitt As glass recirculation facility at Skjåk during the period 19.08.2010 - 30.08.2011. The monitoring results show exceedance of guidelines regarding dust fall at all 3 monitoring stations around the facility.
2011
Air Quality Monitoring Project, Abu Dhabi City Municipality. Site Selection report. NILU OR
NILU has been selected by Abu Dhabi Municipality (ADM) to carry out the programme: ¿Air Quality Monitoring Network for Abu Dhabi City Municipality¿. One task of the project is to design a complete air quality monitoring network for the ADM Jurisdiction area.
ADM plays the role of the Sector Regulatory Authority (SRA) for the implementation of the Environment, Health and Safety Management System (EHSMS) in the Building and Construction Sector in the Greater City of Abu Dhabi.
In this light, NILU has selected a number of most appropriate sites to serve this purpose as well and came out with a number of plausible locations detailed further in the report.
This report describes the outcome of site selection survey which took place from 24. to 31. May 2011.
2011
The report presents the results from the model simulations, performed with the air quality modelling system AirQUIS for the Khalifa Port and Industrial Zone (KPIZ). The report presents the air quality model simulation based on the existing emission and predicted emission scenarios for the KPIZ. The model simulations are also carried out for baseline scenarios in 2010 and future scenarios in 2020 and 2030.
2011
Alternative approaches to standard toxicity testing. TQP ID 9-OPTION-257430181-NILU. NILU OR
An amine based CO2 capture plant may cause harmful emissions to the atmosphere. Amines and degradation products from reactions in the process and in the atmosphere are of particular concern, but there is limited knowledge about the behaviour and potential effects of these chemical compounds. The substances produced can pose a risk to the environment and human health. This report is an option for the TQP ID 9 - 257430120 - NILU report (or 14/2011) and includes a review on nitrosated and nitrated amino acids with detail physicochemical data and (eco)toxicological endpoints for these substances. Furthermore evaluation of toxicological concepts and parameters related to risk assessment of these compounds, such as mutagenic potency, DNEL/DMEL and TD50/T25, has been provided. An evaluation of the use of a new developed QSAR model to predict TD50 of an extended list of nitrosamines was performed. In addition a current knowledge status on the use of (Q)SAR within REACH have been carried out.
2011
2011
Contaminants in fish from Etnefjord, Norway. NILU OR
1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) is one of the most frequently used brominated flame retardants (BFR) and is considered as an emerging environmental pollutant. Recently, high levels of HBCDD were reported in five different fish species from Etnefjord, which is a branch of the Hardangerfjord at the southwest coast of Norway. This report raised some serious concerns and the Norwegian Climate and Pollution Agency (Klif) therefore initiated a survey of HBCDD in cod and flounder from Etnefjorden in order to confirm the findings. In addition to HBCDD, the levels of other environmental pollutants were analyzed in the fish, namely polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), mercury (Mg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As). The fish muscle filet and livers were prepared and analyzed using recognized and previously published methods. The levels of HBCDD in the fish were low, representing expected background concentrations. HBCDD was only detected in the cod livers with concentrations ranging 0.3-5.7 ng/g wet weight, corresponding to 1.3-8.2 ng/g on a lipid weight basis. Previously, it was reported a level of 30 000 ng/g lipid weight in cod filet, which is, as far as we know, the highest HBCDD concentration ever reported in cod. Our study could, therefore, not confirm the recent findings that showed high HBCDD concentrations in fish from the Etnefjord area. Also, the levels of the other pollutants were low. For example, the concentrations of DDT, PCB, HCH and Hg can, according to Klifs system for classification of environmental state, be regarded as background levels (class 1, slightly/negligible polluted). In conclusion, there are no recons to believe that cod and flounder in Etnefjorden is exposed to considerable amount of environmental pollutants, neither of HBCDD nor other contaminants. Only further analysis of sediments from the inner site of the fjord can, however, positively reveal a possible HBCDD source.
2011