Publications

Increased production at Elkem Aluminium Mojsøen NILU OR

Tønnesen, D.

Increased contribution of biomass burning to haze events in Shanghai since China’s clean air actions

Fang, Wenzheng; Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Eckhardt, Sabine; Xing, Ju; Zhang, Hailong; Xiao, Hang; Zhao, Meixun; Kim, Sang-Woo

High levels of East Asian black carbon (BC) aerosols affect ecological and environmental sustainability and contribute to climate warming. Nevertheless, the BC sources in China, after implementing clean air actions from 2013‒2017, are currently elusive due to a lack of observational constraints. Here we combine dual-isotope-constrained observations and chemical-transport modelling to quantify BC’s sources and geographical origins in Shanghai. Modelled BC concentrations capture the overall source trend from continental China and the outflow to the Pacific. Fossil sources dominate (~70%) BC in relatively clean summer. However, a striking increase in biomass burning (15‒30% higher in a fraction of biomass burning compared to summer and 2013/2014 winter), primarily attributable to residential emissions, largely contributes to wintertime BC (~45%) pollution. It highlights the increasing importance of residential biomass burning in the recent winter haze associated with >65% emissions from China’s central-east corridor. Our results suggest clearing the haze problem in China’s megacities and mitigating climate impact requires substantial reductions in regional residential emissions, besides reducing urban traffic and industry emissions.

Increased adrenal responsiveness and delayed hatching date in relation to polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in Arctic-breeding black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla).

Tartu, S.; Lendvai, A.Z.; Blevin, P.; Herzke, D.; Bustamante, P.; Moe, B.; Gabrielsen, G.W.; Bustnes, J.O.; Chastel, O.

Inclusion of land cover and traffic data in NO2 mapping methodology. ETC/ACM Technical Paper, 2016/12

Horálek, J.; de Smet, P.; Schneider, P.; Kurfürst, P.; de Leeuw, F.

iNANOD liposomes. Cyto- and genotoxicity testing.

Rundén-Pran, Elise; Hudecova, Alexandra Misci; Mariussen, Espen; Dusinska, Maria

NILU

In-situ observation of Asian pollution transported into the Arctic lowermost stratosphere.

Roiger, A.; Schlager, H.; Schäfler, A.; Huntrieser, H.; Scheibe, M.; Aufmhoff, H.; Cooper, O. R.; Sodemann, H.; Stohl, A.; Burkhart, J.; Lazzara, M.; Schiller, C.; Law, K. S.; Arnold, F.

In vivo Mammalian Alkaline Comet Assay: Method Adapted for Genotoxicity Assessment of Nanomaterials

Cardoso, Renato; Dusinska, Maria; Collins, Andrew Richard; Manjanatha, Mugamane; Pfuhler, Stefan; Registre, Marilyn; Elespuru, Rosalie K.

The in vivo Comet assay measures the generation of DNA strand breaks under conditions in which the DNA will unwind and migrate to the anode in an electrophoresis assay, producing comet-like figures. Measurements are on single cells, which allows the sampling of a diversity of cells and tissues for DNA damaging effects. The Comet assay is the most common in vivo method for genotoxicity assessment of nanomaterials (NM). The Method outlined here includes a recommended step-by-step approach, consistent with OECD 489, taking into consideration the issues impacting assessment of NM, including choice of cells or systems, handling of NM test articles, dose determination, assay methods and data assessment. This method is designed to be used along with the accompanying “Common Considerations” paper, which discusses issues common to any genotoxicity assay using NM as a test article.

In vitro toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol-A on cerebellar granule cells: cell death, free radical formation, calcium influx and extracellular glutamate.

Reistad, T.; Mariussen, E.; Ring, A.; Fonnum, F.

In vitro genotoxicity testing of four reference metal nanomaterials, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide and silver: towards reliable hazard assessment.

El Yamani, N.; Collins, A.R.; Rundén-Pran, E.; Fjellsbo, L.M.; Shaposhnikov, S.; Zielonddiny, S.; Dusinska, M.

In vitro cyto- and genotoxicity of CeO2, TiO2 and Ag nanoforms: the role of physical properties

Longhin, Eleonora Marta; Mondragon, Ivan Rios; Mariussen, Espen; Congying, Z.; Busquets, M.; Hofshagen, Ole-Bendik; Puntes, V. Franco; Cimpan, Mihaela-Roxana; Shaposhnikov, S.; Dusinska, Maria; Rundén-Pran, Elise

In vitro and in silico techniques as a tool to assess effects of pollutants on polar bear energy homeostasis.

Routti, H.; Berg, M.; Goksøyr, A.; Harju, M.; Helgason, L.; Fink, T.; Kristiansen, K.; Lille-Langøy, R.; Rusten, M.; Sylte, I.; Øygarden, L.

In situ validation of MERIS marine reflectance off the southwest Iberian Peninsula: assessment of vicarious adjustment and corrections for near-land adjacency.

Cristina, S.C.V.; Moore, G.F.; Goela, P.R.F.C.; Icely, J.D.; Newton, A.