Publications

Arctic Peat and Forest Fires Look from Sentinel-5P

Aun, Margit; George, Jan-Peter; Stebel, Kerstin

The Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) & Peat fire emissions

Kaiser, Johannes; Stebel, Kerstin; Schneider, Philipp

Fine scAle eConomic daTa - FACT - Project Introduction

Boero, Riccardo

A Quantitative Model of Endogenous Climate Adaptation: Data Challenges, Validation, and Applications

Boero, Riccardo

Recent methane surges reveal heightened emissions from tropical inundated areas

Lin, Xin; Peng, Shushi; Ciais, Philippe; Hauglustaine, Didier; Lan, Xin; Liu, Gang; Ramonet, Michel; Xi, Yi; Yin, Yi; Zhang, Zhen; Bösch, Hartmut; Bousquet, Philippe; Chevallier, Frédéric; Dong, Bogang; Gerlein-Safdi, Cynthia; Halder, Santanu; Parker, Robert J.; Poulter, Benjamin; Pu, Tianjiao; Remaud, Marine; Runge, Alexandra; Saunois, Marielle; Thompson, Rona Louise; Yoshida, Yukio; Zheng, Bo

Record breaking atmospheric methane growth rates were observed in 2020
and 2021 (15.2±0.5 and 17.8±0.5 parts per billion per year), the highest since the
early 1980s. Here we use an ensemble of atmospheric inversions informed by
surface or satellite methane observations to infer emission changes during
these two years relative to 2019. Results show global methane emissions
increased by 20.3±9.9 and 24.8±3.1 teragrams per year in 2020 and 2021,
dominated by heightened emissions from tropical and boreal inundated areas,
aligning with rising groundwater storage and regional warming. Current
process-based wetland models fail to capture the tropical emission surges
revealed by atmospheric inversions, likely due to inaccurate representation of
wetland extents and associated methane emissions. Our findings underscore
the critical role of tropical inundated areas in the recent methane emission
surges and highlight the need to integrate multiple data streams and modeling
tools for better constraining tropical wetland emissions.

Exploring the Influence of Local Urban and Industrial Carbon-Based Pollutant Sources on Total Column Concentration Enhancements in Houston, Texas during TRACER

Spicer, Elizabeth; Crowell, Sean; Xu, Feng; Klein, Petra; Honeycutt, Wesley T.; Jacobs, Nicole; Miller, Timothy; Shearer, Andrew S.; Kadiyala, Vishnu Priyatamkumar; Smith, Elizabeth N.; Flynn, Connor J.; Krishnankutty, Nalini; Livingstone, Lucas; Flynn, James H.; Moreira, Maria Eugenia Velasco; Bell, Tyler M.; Keeler, Evan; Kyrouac, Jenni; Ermold, Brian

Use of a Lagrangian transport model for atmospheric inversions using satellite observations: case study using TROPOMI to estimate CH4 emissions over Europe

Thompson, Rona Louise; Pisso, Ignacio; Schneider, Philipp; Stebel, Kerstin; Krishnankutty, Nalini; Platt, Stephen Matthew

Atmospheric Supply of Nitrogen, Cadmium, Mercury and B(a)P to the Baltic Sea in 2022

Gauss, Michael; Travnikov, Oleg; Gačnik, Jan; Aas, Wenche; Klein, Heiko; Nyiri, Agnes

Norwegian Meteorological Institute

Using dispersion models at microscale to assess long-term air pollution in urban hot spots: A FAIRMODE joint intercomparison exercise for a case study in Antwerp

Martín, F.; Janssen, S.; Rodrigues, V.; Sousa, J.; Santiago, J.L.; Rivas, E.; Stocker, J.; Jackson, R.; Russo, F.; Villani, M.G.; Tinarelli, G.; Barbero, D.; José, R. San; Pérez-Camanyo, J.L.; Santos, Gabriela Sousa; Bartzis, J.; Sakellaris, I.; Horváth, Z.; Környei, L.; Liszkai, B.; Kovács, A.; Jurado, X.; Reiminger, N.; Thunis, P.; Cuvelier, C.

In the framework of the Forum for Air Quality Modelling in Europe (FAIRMODE), a modelling intercomparison exercise for computing NO2 long-term average concentrations in urban districts with a very high spatial resolution was carried out. This exercise was undertaken for a district of Antwerp (Belgium). Air quality data includes data recorded in air quality monitoring stations and 73 passive samplers deployed during one-month period in 2016. The modelling domain was 800 × 800 m2. Nine modelling teams participated in this exercise providing results from fifteen different modelling applications based on different kinds of model approaches (CFD – Computational Fluid Dynamics-, Lagrangian, Gaussian, and Artificial Intelligence). Some approaches consisted of models running the complete one-month period on an hourly basis, but most others used a scenario approach, which relies on simulations of scenarios representative of wind conditions combined with post-processing to retrieve a one-month average of NO2 concentrations.

The objective of this study is to evaluate what type of modelling system is better suited to get a good estimate of long-term averages in complex urban districts. This is very important for air quality assessment under the European ambient air quality directives. The time evolution of NO2 hourly concentrations during a day of relative high pollution was rather well estimated by all models. Relative to high resolution spatial distribution of one-month NO2 averaged concentrations, Gaussian models were not able to give detailed information, unless they include building data and street-canyon parameterizations. The models that account for complex urban geometries (i.e. CFD, Lagrangian, and AI models) appear to provide better estimates of the spatial distribution of one-month NO2 averages concentrations in the urban canopy. Approaches based on steady CFD-RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) model simulations of meteorological scenarios seem to provide good results with similar quality to those obtained with an unsteady one-month period CFD-RANS simulations.

Forurensning

Heimstad, Eldbjørg Sofie

Congener group profiles of MCCPs in environmental samples from Norwegian monitoring programmes

Nipen, Maja; Borgen, Anders

Investigating snow deposition of cyclic siloxanes in an Arctic environment

Nipen, Maja; Hartz, William Frederik; Bäcklund, Are; Schulze, Dorothea; Christensen, Guttorm; Løge, Oda Siebke; Nikiforov, Vladimir; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla

cVMS are high production volume chemicals that are used for a wide range of industrial and domestic applications. Given the high volatility of cVMS, emissions occur mainly to the atmosphere, and cVMS are present in the Arctic atmosphere, e.g. at the Zeppelin Observatory near Ny Ålesund, Svalbard, suggesting potential for long-range atmospheric transport. A study to investigate whether cVMS have the potential to deposit to surface media, and thereby represent a potential risk to the terrestrial or marine environment in polar and Arctic regions was carried out. Overall, cVMS levels in samples of vegetation, soil, sediment and marine biota were low. D4 was detected in most samples at concentrations above LOD, but below LOQ, while D5 and D6 were generally not detected. The low cVMS concentrations in soil, vegetation, sediments, and fish are in line with most current research on cVMS in remote regions, which together suggest that input of cVMS from atmospheric deposition and snow melt is likely not a major contributing source.

NILU

INQUIRE - Improving Indoor Air Quality and Health: Identification of Chemical and Biological Determinants, Their Sources, and Strategies to Promote Healthier Homes in Europe

Nipen, Maja; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla; Melymuk, Lisa; Leonards, Pim; Vincent, Emma E.; Giorio, Chiara; Schenk, Linda; Remy, Sylvie; Rostkowski, Pawel