Found 9758 publications. Showing page 167 of 391:
A method was developed to analytically distinguish between the ventilated (v) and nonventilated (nv) fractions of water-soluble ions in deposits of particle indoors. The indicative method was based on low-cost passive outdoor and indoor sampling of the particle and ion deposits and NO2 gas and analysis of the regression values and residuals of the correlations between these parameters. The method was applied to measurements in the Pieskowa Skała Castle Museum in Poland. A dominating source of “soil and building dust” was indicated all year round, probably partly from renovation works of the castle, with larger total infiltration in the winter–spring (W-S) but with a higher proportion of ventilation ingress in the summer–autumn (S-A). About 60%–80%, by mass, of the water-soluble ions in the soil and building dust were calcium and probably some magnesium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2) and about 10%–20% sulfates (SO4−−) with calcium (Ca++) and several other cations. The other main source of the ion deposits was indicated to be air pollution, with chloride (Cl−), sulfate (SO4−−), and nitrate (NO3−), from outdoor combustion sources, like traffic, residential heating, and industry. These were mainly v from outdoors in the colder parts of the year, but also to the more open locations in the S-A. A small source of nv sulfate (SO4−−) was identified inside two showcases in the S-A. The study showed good enclosure protection of the museum objects against exposure to particle pollution, but also the need to avoid the trapping of particle pollution inside showcases or closed rooms. The identification of the probable different amounts and sources of v and nv ions in the castle aided preventive actions to reduce the pollution exposure.
John Wiley & Sons
2024
NILU and GIOS, Poland, are implementing the project "Strengthening the air quality assessment system in Poland, based on Norwegian experience" as part of the programme "Improving Environmental Monitoring and Inspection" within the framework of the European Economic Area 2009-2014. This report provides method and tools for the spatial analysis of concentrations of air pollutants in the frame of the assessment of air quality under in Poland, in support of the implementation of European Air Quality legislation.
2014
2013
2011
Methane in Svalbard (SvalGaSess)
Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas whose emission into the atmosphere from Arctic environments is increasing in response to climate change. At present, the increase in atmospheric methane concentrations recorded at Ny-Ålesund and globally threatens the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to 2 degrees, preferably 1.5 degrees, by increasing the need for abatements. However, our understanding of the physical, chemical and biological processes that control methane in the Arctic are strongly biased towards just a few lowland sites that are not at all like Svalbard and other similar mountainous, ice-covered regions. Svalbard can therefore be used to better understand these locations. Svalbard’s methane stocks include vast reserves of ancient, geogenic methane trapped beneath glaciers and permafrost. This methane supplements the younger, microbial methane mostly produced in waterlogged soils and wetlands during the summer and early winter. Knowledge about the production, removal and migration of these two methane sources in Svalbard’s complex landscapes and coastal environments has grown rapidly in recent years. However, the need to exploit this knowledge to produce reliable estimates of present-day and future emissions of methane from across the Svalbard landscape is now paramount. This is because understanding these quantities is absolutely necessary when we seek to define how society must adjust in order to better manage greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere
2025
2015
2017
2016
2015
2015
Methane emissions from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks
The amount of methane released to the atmosphere from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks remains uncertain, as reflected in a wide range of estimates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18. A lack of information regarding the temporal variation in atmospheric emissions has made it challenging to reconcile pipeline volumetric (bottom-up) estimates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 with measurement-based (top-down) estimates8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18. Here we simulate pipeline rupture emission rates and integrate these with methane dissolution and sea-surface outgassing estimates9,10 to model the evolution of atmospheric emissions from the leaks. We verify our modelled atmospheric emissions by comparing them with top-down point-in-time emission-rate estimates and cumulative emission estimates derived from airborne11, satellite8,12,13,14 and tall tower data. We obtain consistency between our modelled atmospheric emissions and top-down estimates and find that 465 ± 20 thousand metric tons of methane were emitted to the atmosphere. Although, to our knowledge, this represents the largest recorded amount of methane released from a single transient event, it is equivalent to 0.1% of anthropogenic methane emissions for 2022. The impact of the leaks on the global atmospheric methane budget brings into focus the numerous other anthropogenic methane sources that require mitigation globally. Our analysis demonstrates that diverse, complementary measurement approaches are needed to quantify methane emissions in support of the Global Methane Pledge19.
2025
2013