Publications

Greenhouse gas inventory for Abu Dhabi Emirate. Technical basis & results of the first inventory. NILU OR

Hamed, H.; John, P.

The first GHG inventory for Abu Dhabi Emirate was conducted for all activity sectors (energy, industrial processes, agriculture, land use change and forestry, and waste) using the sectoral (bottom-up) approach. The input data was collected in collaboration with the relevant local authorities. Estimation of GHG emissions was conducted applying the methodology of the IPCC (Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines and the Good Practice Guidance) and using the UNFCCC inventory software. A key category analysis was also performed for the GHG emissions; the key sources of emissions responsible for 95% of the total GHG emissions were identified. Three emission indicators were developed for Abu Dhabi Emirate using the standards of IEA: the per capita emissions, per GDP and per kWh electricity produced. Very few data was available on the local emission factors. For missing data, assumptions were made to undertake calculations of emissions; the factors used in the previous UAE national inventories and/ or the commonly accepted emissions factors from IPCC and other standard guidelines were used. Focus was given to the key category sectors; energy (specifically fuel combustion emissions) and industrial processes (specifically metal and mineral). Land use change and forestry sector was also in concern as a sink for CO2 removals. Contributions of agriculture and waste sectors were as expected small. In addition, among various greenhouse gases, priorities were given to direct greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, N2O and PFCs, and to a lesser degree to indirect gases CO, NOX, SO2 and NMVOC.

Atmopsheric Speciation of Mercury at Alert and Zeppelin. NILU F

Steffen, A.; Berg, T.; Cole.; A.; Pfaffhuber.; K.A.

The MEMORI system: Measurement, Effects assessment and Mitigation of Pollutant Impact on Movable Cultural Assets. Innovative research for market transfer. NILU F

Grøntoft, T.

FUTUREVOLC: A European volcanological supersite in Iceland, a monitoring system and network for the future. NILU F

Sigmundsson, F.; Hooper, A.; Prata, F.; Gudmundsson, M.T.; Kylling, A.; Hreinsdottir, S.; Ofeigsson, B.G.; Spaans, K.; Vincent, D.; Jordan, C.J.; Vogfjord, K.; Kristinsson, I.; Loughlin, S.; Ilyinskaya, E.; Witham, C.; Bean, C.; Ripepe, M.; Minet, C.; FUTUREVOLC Consortium.

The volumetric particle approach for concentration fluctuations and chemical reactions in Lagrangian particle and particle-grid models.

Cassiani, M.

Pharmaceuticals and additives in personal care products as environmental pollutants - Faroe Island, Iceland and Greenland. TemaNord, 2013:541

Huber, S.; Remberger, M.; Goetsch, A.; Davanger, K.; Kaj, L.; Herzke, D.; Schlabach, M.; Jörundsdottir, H.Ó.; Vester, J.; Arnórsson, M.; Mortensen, I.; Schwartson, R.; Dam, M.

Analysis of Chinese emissions trends of major halocarbons in monitoring the impacts of the Montreal Protocol. NILU F

Li, S.; Park, S.; Park, M.; Kim, J.; Muhle, J.; Fang, X.; Stohl, A.; Weiss, R.F.; Kim, K.

Prioritization, screening and identification of organosilicon contaminants in the environment. NILU F

Kierkegaard, A.; McLachlan, M.S.; Breivik, K.; Arnot, J.A.; Wania, F.

A mass balance model of chemical fate and bioaccumulation in the environment was used to rank 287 high- and low-production volume organosilicon compounds for their concentration in the environment and in top predators. Key physical chemical properties of each chemical were estimated using quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) and a total emission estimate of each chemical was made using information, which included amounts entering commerce and emission factors. Based on the model predicted concentrations in air, sediment and human tissue, chemicals were selected for screening through environmental sampling and analysis. Known environmental organosilicon contaminants such as the cyclic and linear volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS) were excluded as well as structures subject to rapid hydrolysis, a feature which was not taken into account in the model simulations because of current limitations in predicting hydrolysis half-lives with QSARs. Analytical standards were only commercially available for half of the remaining 30 organosilicon compounds. Ten of these were not stable in solution, which left 5 organosilicon compounds eligible for environmental screening. These were tetrakis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane, phenyl-tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane, trifluoropropyltrimethylcyclotrisiloxane, trifluoropropylmethylcyclotetrasiloxane and tetraphenyltrisiloxane. Four of these chemicals were identified in sewage sludge, in sediment from Stockholm harbor, and in Stockholm ambient air samples. The trifluoropropyl-substituted siloxanes were analysed with UPLC-MS/MS, the others with GC-MS. Trifluoropropyltrimethylcyclotrisiloxane was solely detected as its corresponding linear diol. To date it is unclear whether the diol is present in the environment as such or formed during extraction or cleanup. The concentrations of the chemicals ranged from pg m-3 in air up to ng g-1 d.w. in sewage sludge, which are orders of magnitude below the levels of cyclic VMS (such as D5) in the same matrices.

Aerosols and their relation to global climate and climate sensitivity.

Myhre, G.; Myhre, C.E.L.; Samset, B.H.; Storelvmo, T.

Report on integrating the traffic/individual modelling with the air quality modelling. UncertWeb Consortium Deliverable 8.3.

Gerharz, L.; Helle, K.; Pebesma, E.; Pross, B.; Stasch, C.; Rasouli, S.; Timmermans, H.; Denby, B.; Walker, S.E.

Toward the next generation of air quality monitoring: Mercury.

Pirrone, N.; Aas, W.; Cinnirella, S.; Ebinghaus, R.; Hedgecock, I.M.; Pacyna, J.; Sprovieri, F.; Sunderland, E.M.

Air quality zone delimitation in Norway. Evaluation and delimitation proposal. NILU OR

Lopez-Aparicio, S.; Tønnesen, D.

An evaluation of the air quality in Norway over the last five years has been performed to set up the basis for a new Air Quality zone (AQ-zone) delimitation for reporting to European Commission concerning compliance of air quality directives. Air pollution levels (i.e. PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, O3, benzene, heavy metals, B(a)P) have been assessed regarding exceedances of limit values, target values, Norwegian national targets, and upper/lower assessment thresholds (UAT/LAT) defined for the protection of human health, vegetation and/or natural ecosystems. The results from this evaluation complemented with information regarding background concentration levels in Norway have been used to define a new delimitation: 1) AQ-zone delimitation for PM10, NO2, NOx, benzene and B(a)P, 2) AQ-zone delimitation for SO2 and heavy metals, 3) AQ-zone delimitation for ozone and 4) AQ-zone delimitation for CO.

Measurements of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from imported consumer products and estimations of diffuse emissions. NILU F

Vestergren, R.; Cousins, I.T.; Herzke, D.