Found 10000 publications. Showing page 348 of 400:
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Here we provide an overview of the newly commenced project ‘ReGAME - Reliable Global Methane Emissions estimates in a changing world’, funded by Research Council of Norway from 2021-2025, where we combine new developments in atmospheric methane observations: isotopic ratios (deuterium and 13C in methane), and the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) ground-based station network with atmospheric models (the chemistry transport model OsloCTM, and inversion model FLEXINVERT) to understand how and why atmospheric methane levels are increasing. The project has a particular focus on understanding the state of Arctic methane reservoirs such as ocean seeps and high latitude wetlands. This includes plans for a new observing system aboard the ice breaking vessel RV Kronprins Haakon and ocean observations, e.g., dynamics of Seep fluxes assessed during 1 year of continuous measurements at a seep site the NorEMSO project, updated information on spatial seep distribution via echo sounding, as well as high resolution high-latitude inversion modeling of atmospheric methane with FLEXINVERT. Furthermore, we investigate the utility of including of satellite data (TROPOMI aboard the Sentinel 5P mission) together with ground-based data, in inversion modeling. The inclusion of satellite data into inversion models is quite novel and offers rewards by increasing spatial coverage compared to ground based networks alone, potentially reducing uncertainties in the model outputs, and challenges due to satellite data uncertainties, spatial/ temporal coverage, and handling large data fields
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The atmosphere and cryosphere have recently garnered considerable attention due to their role in transporting microplastics to and within the Arctic, and between freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments. While investigating either in isolation provides valuable insight on the fate of microplastics in the Arctic, monitoring both provides a more holistic view. Nonetheless, despite the recent scientific interest, fundamental knowledge on microplastic abundance and consistent monitoring efforts are lacking for these compartments. Here, we build upon the work of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme's Monitoring Guidelines for Litter and Microplastic to provide a roadmap for multicompartment monitoring of the atmosphere and cryosphere to support our understanding of the sources, pathways, and sinks of plastic pollution across the Arctic. Overall, we recommend the use of existing standard techniques for ice and atmospheric sampling and to build upon existing monitoring efforts in the Arctic to obtain a more comprehensive pan-Arctic view of microplastic pollution in these two compartments.
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European Registry of Materials: global, unique identifiers for (undisclosed) nanomaterials
Management of nanomaterials and nanosafety data needs to operate under the FAIR (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) principles and this requires a unique, global identifier for each nanomaterial. Existing identifiers may not always be applicable or sufficient to definitively identify the specific nanomaterial used in a particular study, resulting in the use of textual descriptions in research project communications and reporting. To ensure that internal project documentation can later be linked to publicly released data and knowledge for the specific nanomaterials, or even to specific batches and variants of nanomaterials utilised in that project, a new identifier is proposed: the European Registry of Materials Identifier. We here describe the background to this new identifier, including FAIR interoperability as defined by FAIRSharing, identifiers.org, Bioregistry, and the CHEMINF ontology, and show how it complements other identifiers such as CAS numbers and the ongoing efforts to extend the InChI identifier to cover nanomaterials. We provide examples of its use in various H2020-funded nanosafety projects.
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