Found 10184 publications. Showing page 4 of 408:
Kan vi bruke havet til å fange karbon?
Havet kan spille en rolle i arbeidet med å fjerne CO2 fra atmosfæren for å begrense farlig global oppvarming.
2025
New report reveals major risks in turning oceans into carbon sinks | ScienceDaily
Experts say the ocean could help absorb carbon dioxide, but today’s technologies are too uncertain to be scaled up safely. New findings released during COP30 highlight the risks of rushing into marine carbon removal without proper monitoring and verification. With the 1.5°C threshold approaching, researchers stress that emissions cuts must remain the top priority. Ocean-based methods may play a role later, but they need careful oversight first.
2025
Høfligere tone kan få flere forskere til å delta i samfunnsdebatten
Forskere må delta i samfunnsdebatten, men mange kvier seg. En høfligere tone i ordskiftet kan være nøkkelen til at flere tør å bruke stemmen sin, særlig i møte med digital hets og økende polarisering.
2025
New EU Report Calls For Strict mCDR MRV Rules
A new EU report warns that currently, no mCDR technology has enough proof of CDR performance and impact to be deemed safe for deployment.
2025
Over halvparten av klimaforskerne har blitt hetset og trakassert
Klimaforskere er blant forskerne som blir mest utsatt for hets og trakassering, viser svensk rapport. Den norske klimaforskeren Helene Muri er ikke overrasket.
2025
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This paper reviews results published by the International Co-operative Programme on Effects on Materials including Historic and Cultural Monuments (ICP Materials) with emphasis on those obtained after the turn of the century. Data from ICP Materials come from two main sources. The first is through exposures of materials and collection of environmental data in a network of atmospheric exposure test sites mainly distributed across Europe. Corrosion of carbon steel has continued to decrease during the period 2000–2020 but corrosion of zinc only up until 2014, and the trend in zinc corrosion is only visible when examining four-year data. Surface recession of limestone as well as soiling of modern glass show no decreasing trend during 2000–2020. The second is through case studies performed at heritage sites across Europe. Risk analysis of corrosion and soiling for twenty-six sites indicate that currently soiling is a more significant maintenance trigger than corrosion. Costs for maintaining heritage sites are substantial and costs attributable to air pollution is estimated from 40% to as much as 80% of the total cost. Future directions of the program are work on effects of particulate matter, improving the scientific basis for the work, and making the monitoring data publicly available.
2025
Microplastic and other anthropogenic particles in surface waters of the Isfjorden system (Svalbard)
Knowledge of sources and transport mechanisms of anthropogenic particles (APs) such as microplastics (MPs) and related plastic chemicals, in the Arctic marine environment is limited. This study investigates the surface waters of the Isfjordensystem, where Svalbard's largest settlement, Longyearbyen, is located, for the presence of APs. The wastewater from Longyearbyen is released untreated into Adventfjorden, which is a branch of Isfjorden. Samples from the inflowing current of Isfjorden into Adventfjorden, and its outflowing current were sampled and analyzed for APs (>50 μm). APs were classified regarding size, shape, and polymer type via μFTIR spectroscopy. Each location showed an AP burden (Isfjorden: 26 APs/L, Adventfjorden: 20 APs/L). Highest amounts of APs were found in the Isfjorden current (37 APs/L), before entering Adventfjorden. 14 APs/L were indicated near the wastewater effluent in Adventfjorden, and 15 APs/L in the outflowing current in Isfjorden. Plastic related chemicals, polypropylene and other polyolefins had high frequencies, but silk and rayon material dominated each location except the inflowing current from Isfjorden. Local sources like wastewater and other anthropogenic activities, as well as northwards long-range transport from the south into the Arctic, are considered. Oceanographic dynamics, and the time of sampling seems to affect the distribution of APs in the surface waters, besides its characteristics itself (e.g., polymer type and size).
2025
Construction of an enterprise-level global supply chain database
Data tracing global supply chains, commonly captured in input–output models, is a foundational resource across economic, regulatory, investment, defense, and environmental applications. Such models provide insight into interdependency and environmental burden-shifting, forming part of the empirical basis for policies such as Scope 3 embodied emissions targets, supply chain transparency, life cycle assessments, and product declarations. Current approaches, based on national statistics, remain constrained by sector-level resolution, limiting their precision and utility in certain applications. Here, we document the construction of an enterprise-level multi-regional input–output (EMRIO) table. This database merges official national input–output tables with publicly available firm-level production and transaction data, creating a globally consistent account of purchases and sales across 9,466 companies, 86,305 subsegments, and 121 countries. The finer resolution allows supply chain transactions to be represented in greater detail, providing an additional resource for analyses and policy tools requiring more disaggregated supply chain information.
2025
2025
Skogens helsetilstand i Norge. Resultater fra skogskadeovervåkingen i 2024
Skog dekker nærmere 40 % av Norges landareal. Skogene bidrar til karbonbinding både over og under bakken, forsyner oss med råvarer, spiller en viktig rolle for friluftslivet og er leveområdet for utallige arter. Skogens viktige rolle som leverandør av slike økosystemtjenester forutsetter imidlertid et intakt skogøkosystem, en god skoghelse og en langsiktig og bærekraftig forvaltning.
Skogens helsetilstand påvirkes i stor grad av klima og værforhold, enten direkte ved tørke, frost, snø og vind, eller indirekte ved at klimaet påvirker omfanget og spredningen av soppsykdommer og insektangrep.
Klimaendringene og den forventede økningen i klimarelaterte skogskader gir store utfordringer for forvaltningen av framtidas skogressurser. Det samme gjør invaderende skadegjørere, både allerede etablerte arter og nye som kan komme til Norge i nær framtid. Uansett hvilke utfordringer skogen står overfor, er det viktig med langsiktige skogovervåkingsprogrammer for å kunne oppdage endringer og iverksette tiltak mot truslene. I denne rapporten presenteres resultater fra skogskadeovervåkingen i Norge i 2024 og trender over tid for følgende temaer:
1. Landsrepresentativ skogovervåking;
2. Intensiv skogovervåking;
3. Barkbilleovervåkingen 2024: Fortsatt høye fangster i stormrammede områder;
4. Overvåking av fremmede trelevende insekter;
5. Almesyken sprer seg til nye områder;
6. Overvåking av askas naturlige foryngelse i skog angrepet av askeskuddsyke;
7. Andre spesielle skogskader i 2024.
NIBIO
2025
Efficacy of individual and combined terrestrial and marine carbon dioxide removal
Abstract Limiting global temperature rise below 2°C requires significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and likely large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR). This study assesses the CO2 sequestration and efficacy of two CDR approaches, Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) and Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE), applied individually and in combination. Using the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2-LM), simulations were designed to ramp up deployment of BECCS and OAE, to an additional area of 5.2 million km² by 2100 for bioenergy feedstock for BECCS, and a CaO deployment rate of approximately 2.7 Gt/year for OAE within the exclusive economic zones of Europe, the United States and China. The combined land-ocean CDR simulation revealed a largely additive carbon removal effect. Over 2030-2100, OAE sequestered 7 ppm of CO 22 with an accumulated 82.3 Gt CaO, achieving a CDR effectiveness of 0.08 ppm (~ 0.17 PgC) per Gt CaO, while BECCS reduced 16 ppm of CO2, with CDR effectiveness of 3.1 ppm per million km² of bioenergy crops. Together, the carbon removal achieved by BECCS and OAE corresponds to anthropogenic CO₂ emissions of 5.4 Gt CO₂/year by 2100, slightly more than 60% of current global transport sector emissions. Notably, the efficiency of BECCS and OAE alone was unaffected by their concurrent deployment. Nevertheless, simulations revealed distinct non- linear interactions, such as declines in land and soil carbon sinks in the combined scenario. Furthermore, all simulations show negligible effects on the global annual mean temperature. These results highlight near-additive CDR responses even under net-negative emissions, but feedback on land and ocean carbon sinks must be considered when designing CDR portfolios. This study provides new insights into CDR portfolio design and Earth system feedback under an overshoot scenario, highlighting both their potential and the need for continued emissions cuts and supportive policies.
2025