Found 412 publications. Showing page 15 of 18:
This report presents VOC (volatile organic compound) measurements carried out during 2019 at EMEP monitoring sites. In total, 19 sites reported VOC-data from EMEP VOC sites this year. Some of the data-sets are considered preliminary and are not included in the report.
The monitoring of VOC has become more diverse with time in terms of instrumentation. Starting in the early 1990s with standardized methods based on manual sampling in steel canisters and adsorption tubes with subsequent analyses at the lab, the methods now consist of a variety of instruments and measurement principles, including automated continuous monitors and manual flask samples.
Within the EU infrastructure project ACTRIS, data quality issues related to measurements of VOC are an important topic. Many of the institutions providing VOC-data to EMEP are participating in the ACTRIS infrastructure project, either as formal partners or on a voluntary basis. Participation in ACTRIS means an extensive effort with data-checking including detailed discussions between the ACTRIS community and individual participants. There is no doubt that this extensive effort has benefited the EMEP-program substantially and has led to improved data quality in general.
Comparison between median levels in 2019 and the medians of the previous 10-years period, revealed similar geographical patterns as in the previous years. Changes in instrumentation, procedures and station network with time make it difficult though to provide a rigorous and pan-European assessment of long-term trends of the observed VOCs. In this report, we have estimated the trends in NMHC over the 2000-2019 period at five sites by three independent statistical methods. All three methods gave comparable estimates of the trends, although the Mann-Kendall method based on annual data (compared to daily data for the other two methods) found fewer significant trends.
These estimates indicate marked differences in the long-term trends for the individual species. Small or non-significant trends were found for ethane during 2000-2019. Propane also showed fairly small reductions. On the other hand, components linked to road traffic (ethene, ethyne and benzene) showed the strongest drop in mean concentrations, up to 60-80% at some stations.
NILU
2021
2019
Transboundary particulate matter, photo-oxidants, acidifying and eutrophying components
Norwegian Meteorological Institute
2021
Screening Programme 2022. New environmental pollutants.
The 2022 Screening Programme followed up on some findings from the 2020 Screening Programme. This included further
investigation of plastic-related substances, tyre-related substances, and disinfection agents. The 2022 Programme also included
additional new PFAS, bisphenols, and new siloxanes.
Norsk institutt for vannforskning (NIVA)
2023
Monitoring of greenhouse gases and aerosols at Svalbard and Birkenes in 2019. Annual report.
The report summarizes the activities and results of the greenhouse gas monitoring at the Zeppelin Observatory, situated on Svalbard in Arctic Norway, during the period 2001-2019, and the greenhouse gas monitoring and aerosol observations from Birkenes for 2009-2019.
NILU
2020
Årsrapport 2023. Nasjonalt referanselaboratorium for luftkvalitetsmålinger.
Denne rapporten oppsummerer oppgavene til Nasjonalt referanselaboratorium for luftkvalitetsmålinger (NRL), delkontrakt 1b, for året 2023. Dette er første årsrapport etter at ny kontrakt trådte i kraft 1. desember 2022.
NILU
2024
Quality assurance and quality control procedure for national and Union GHG projections 2021
The quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedure is an element of the QA/QC programme of the Union system for policies and measures and projections to be established in 2021 according to Article 39 of the Regulation on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action (EU) 2018/1999. The European Environment Agency (EEA) is responsible for the annual implementation of the QA/QC procedures and is assisted by the European Topic Centre on Climate Change Mitigation and Energy (ETC/CME). The QA/QC procedure document describes QA/QC checks carried out at EU level on the national reported projections from Member States and on the compiled Union GHG projections. QA/QC procedures are performed at several different stages during the preparation of the national and Union GHG projections in order to aim to ensure the timeliness, transparency, accuracy, consistency, comparability and completeness of the reported information. The results of the 2021 QA/QC procedure are presented in the related paper ETC/CME Eionet Report 8/2021.
ETC/CME
2021
Effects of rocket launches in Ny-Ålesund, 2018 - 2019. Observations of snow and air samples.
The report summarizes the results from additional snow sampling and regular monitoring activities in connection to the rocket launch in Ny-Ålesund 7 Dec 2018, 26 Nov 2019 and 10 Dec 2019 to document possible impacts on environment and on the monitoring activities in Ny-Ålesund. An enhanced deposition of aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) on the local environment due to the rocket launch is observed.
NILU
2021
Emissions outsourcing in the EU. A review of potential effects on industrial pollution.
This study reviews potential evidence for emissions outsourcing in the European Union as the reduction in industrial emissions in Europe may be linked to the relocation of industry abroad (i.e. away from Europe). Emission trends of selected industrial pollutants to air (PAH, SOx, B(a)P, PCB, Pb, Zn and Ni) were established for both domestic emissions and embodied emissions in imports using available data in the EXIOBASE environmentally extended multiregional input-output system. Despite the overall decreasing trends of domestic emissions in Europe, a great variation was observed in the decrease rate of direct emissions and the increase rates in embodied emissions, due to increasing import of associated products. In addition to the analysis of data in EXIOBASE, a review of literature shows that industries’ responses to environmental regulations differ greatly based on the nature of industrial activities. Despite imposing higher costs to industries, no evidence was found in the reviewed literature that European environmental regulations caused industries to relocate. However, once industries aim to relocate outside of Europe to benefit from economic factors, such as lowering their production cost, the degree by which environmental regulations are enforced in the country of relocation can play a significant role in selecting their new location.
ETC/ATNI
2020
Svevestøvmåling i bydel Fana langs FV546. 23. desember 2016 - 31. desember 2017.
På oppdrag fra Statens vegvesen Region vest har NILU utført målinger av PM10 og PM2.5 ved et boligområde ved Fanavegen (Bergen kommune). Støvende aktivitet i forbindelse med anleggsarbeid genererer svevestøv til sjenanse for berørte naboer. Målingene pågikk i perioden 23. desember 2016 – 31. desember 2017. Resultatene ble rapportert hver måned. Årsmiddel-konsentrasjonene for PM10 og PM2.5 i 2017 var langt under respektive grenseverdier. I måleperioden ble det observert 3 døgn med PM10-døgnmiddelverdier over grenseverdien på 50 μg/m3. Det er tillatt med 30 døgnverdier over dette nivået. Årsaken til høy PM10-konsentrasjon var oppvirvling av svevestøv fra kjørebanen. Så lenge tiltak for å dempe støvoppvirvling ble iverksatt tidsnok, var svevestøvkonsentrasjonen innenfor varslingsklassen for liten eller ingen helserisiko.
NILU
2018
The report provides interim 2020 maps for PM10 annual average, NO2 annual average and the ozone indicator SOMO35. The maps have been produced based on non-validated Up-To-Date data reported to the AQ e-reporting database (data flow E2a), the CAMS Ensemble Forecast modelling data and other supplementary data including air quality data reported to EMEP. In addition to concentration maps, the inter-annual differences between the years 2019 and 2020 are presented (using the 2019 regular and the 2020 interim maps), as well as European exposure estimates based on the interim maps. The contribution of lockdown measures connected with the Covid-19 pandemic on the change of air pollutant concentrations during the exceptional year 2020 is briefly discussed. The decrease in road transport, aviation and international shipping intensity during the lockdown resulted in a reduction of the NOx emission, mainly in large cities and urbanized areas. Compared to 2019, a general decrease in NO2 annual average concentrations is shown for 2020, as well as a decrease in values of the ozone indicator SOMO35, apart from areas with a steep NO2 decrease. Due to the chemical processes, the decrease in NOX resulted in an ozone increase in these areas. The contribution of lockdown measures on the change of PM10 concentrations is quite complex. On the one hand, there was a decrease in emissions of suspended particles and their precursors due to decrease in transport. On the other hand, higher intensity of residential heating likely led to higher emissions of both suspended particles and their precursors.
ETC/ATNI
2021
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) annual mapping. Evaluation of its potential regular updating.
The report examines the potential regular production of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) maps at the European scale in line with the operational production of other air quality maps. Stations measuring BaP are relatively scarce at the European scale, so in order to extend the spatial coverage, so-called pseudo station data have been calculated and used together with the actual BaP measurement data. These pseudo station data are derived from PM2.5 or PM10 measurements in locations with no BaP observations.
ETC/ATNI
2021
NILU - Norsk Institutt for luftforskning har på oppdrag for Boliden Odda AS, utført sprednings- og avsetningsberegninger i forbindelse med utslipp fra sinkproduksjonsanlegget. Studien beregner luftkonsentrasjon og avsetning av svovel (forsuring) og konsentrasjon av metaller/svevestøv ved dagens sinkproduksjon og ved en planlagt utvidelse. Timesmiddel-, døgnmiddel- og årsmiddel-konsentrasjon av SO2 og PM10 er beregnet til å være innenfor grenseverdier og luftkvalitetskriterier ved dagens og utvidet produksjon. Beregningene viser mulig overskridelse av målsetningsverdien for kadmium ved en utvidelse av produksjonen. Utvidelse i produksjon gir et ytterligere bidrag til overskridelsen av tålegrensen (forsuring) i området rundt Odda. Økningen i avsetning forøvrig er beregnet å være i områder hvor tålegrensen er mer robust. Rapporten er en revisjon av NILU-rapport 3/2019.
NILU
2022
Environmental pollutants in the terrestrial and urban environment 2022
Samples of soil, earthworm, fieldfare egg, brown rat liver, spanish slug, house dust and cat liver from the urban terrestrial environment in the Oslo area were analysed for several different groups of environmental pollutants. Biota-soil accumulation was calculated from soil to earthworm from the same location, and biomagnification-potential was estimated based on detected data for relevant predator-prey pairs from the same location.
NILU
2023
On behalf of Aluminiumindustriens Miljøsekretariat (AMS), NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research has conducted a sampling campaign in the surroundings of the Hydro Sunndal aluminium smelter in order to update the knowledge on air quality around the smelter today. Samples were taken in summer 2019 and analysed for PM2.5, PM10, metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, As, Al, V, Ga, Sb, Bi), particle-bound PAHs, SO2, particle-bound and gaseous fluorides. As a consequence of reduced emissions compared to earlier measurements, the ambient concentrations of PM10, Cr, Pb, BaP (for PAHs), SO2 and fluorides were strongly reduced. All measured compounds had concentrations below limit values and recommended
guideline values.
NILU
2021
NORDUST : Nordic Road Dust Project
Road dust is an important contributor to airborne particle pollution, especially in the Nordic countries where high road surface wear, due to studded tyre use as well as winter maintenance and operations including sanding and salting are important contributors. Even though the road dust problems are similar, the countries have tackled different parts of the problem with different research approaches, resulting in a complex knowledgebase in need of compilation. A former project, NORTRIP, started this work and implemented the knowledge into an emission model with a specially elaborated road dust focus. The model work has been used to identify knowledge gaps, intended to be filled within the NorDust project.Laboratory tests and controlled and uncontrolled field measurements as well as parametrisation and modelling have been used as tools to find, describe and implement issues concerning road dust formation, suspension and dynamics and road operation effects on emissions in facilities and sites in finland and Sweden. The NORTRIP model has been implemented and evaluated in Iceland, not previously involved in the model development, to identify input data needs.The project has resulted in an array of findings, of which some have been possible to implement in new parametrisations in the NORTRIP model. In the complex research area of road dust dynamics, the project has also resulted in a lot of practical experiences concerning experimental and measurement designs and evaluation possibilities that future research will be able to benefit from.
NordFoU
2019
This report provides a summary of the quality analysis of the EU Member States’ submission under 18 (1) (b) of the Regulation on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action (EU) 2018/1999 conducted in 2021. Under this obligation EU Member States have to submit updated GHG projections and related information biennially. The reported information undergoes several phases of QA/QC checks consisting of checks on timeliness, accuracy, completeness, consistency and comparability. Details on the underlying QA/QC procedure are described in ETC/CME Eionet Report 7/2021.
ETC/CME
2021
Tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Tromsø
Tiltaksutredningen, med handlingsplan og tiltak, skal bidra til å redusere luftforurensningen til et nivå som tilfredsstiller kravene i forurensningsforskriften. Tiltaksutredningen omfatter en kartlegging av luftkvaliteten i Tromsø ved trafikkberegninger og utslipps- og spredningsberegninger for PM10, PM2,5 og NO2 for Dagens situasjon 2016 og Framtidig situasjon 2023 med og uten tiltak mot svevestøv. Basert på resultatene fra beregningene og i samarbeid med oppdragsgiver og arbeidsgruppen, er det foreslått en revidert handlings- og beredskapsplan som skal behandles politisk.
NILU
2019